Disaster Management Based Decision Making | CSAT Preparation - UPSC PDF Download

Introduction

Disaster management and problem-solving during emergencies have become integral components of administration. Both natural and human-induced disasters are on the rise at local and national levels, necessitating civil servants to devise strategies to mitigate these disasters. The consequences of disasters can be devastating, undoing years of progress and development efforts.
Disasters can manifest in various forms, such as floods, droughts, political conflicts, or administrative failures, requiring prompt and decisive action. Administrators play a critical role in making well-informed decisions that address the immediate needs and provide relief during and after any type of disaster.
With the world's population and urbanization increasing, and climatic conditions changing, the frequency of disasters is also escalating. Reports of both natural and man-made disasters are being documented at local, regional, and national scales.
As administrators, civil servants bear the responsibility of remaining vigilant in preparation for any kind of disaster. They should also exercise caution to prevent potential future disasters from occurring.

Activities Designed by an Administrator in Case of Disaster

The emergency manager assumes the role of a leader who handles conflicts that inevitably arise during various disasters. They facilitate the integration and implementation of policies, plans, and programs related to emergency management.
The following activities are undertaken by an administrator during a disaster:

• Ensuring effective rescue, relief, relocation, and rehabilitation facilities for the victims.
• Providing essential supplies such as food, water, temporary shelters, and healthcare facilities.
• Engaging in the reconstruction and repair of infrastructure.
• Ensuring sufficient government funding is available to address natural disasters.
• Building well-connected and durable roads and transportation systems.
• Implementing measures to retrofit non-engineered buildings and constructing dams and reservoirs.
• Conducting training programs to equip vulnerable individuals with the skills needed for self-protection during disasters.

Collaborative Decision Making

• In contemporary times, it is increasingly important for both non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and government entities to engage in collaborative decision-making to effectively address unforeseen disasters. 
• The Uttarakhand flood disaster serves as a significant example of how the government and NGOs worked together to mitigate the impact of the disaster. Additionally, involving local communities in the collaborative process can serve as a model for preventing the recurrence of similar disasters in the future.