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Introduction

An inference refers to the process of drawing a logical conclusion from known or assumed true premises. These types of questions involve a passage followed by inferences based on it. The passages can cover various topics, including socio-economic, political, and technological aspects.
It is essential for candidates to possess logical reasoning skills, comprehension abilities, and interpretive capabilities. They need to be proficient in understanding the full implications of the passage and selecting the correct answer. As answer choices are categorized as "Definitely true/false" and "Probably true/false," the inferences or conclusions must be carefully evaluated.
In these types of questions, a passage is provided on a particular topic, followed by statements that serve as conclusions.
Candidates are required to choose the answer option based on the following criteria: 
(a) if the statement is 'definitely true,'
(b) if the statement is 'probably true,'
(c) if the conclusion cannot be determined because the data provided in the passage is insufficient, or
(d) if the statement is 'probably/definitely false.'
It is important to note that all conclusions should be evaluated based on the information presented in the passage.
The following passages will discuss the methodology for selecting the correct option (a, b, c, d) that a candidate is expected to choose for a given conclusion.

Following types of questions are asked under evaluating inference:

Type I: Based on Evaluation

These types of questions present a passage followed by a set of questions or statements that are based on the information provided in the passage. The task is to determine whether the question/statement is true, does not follow logically, or if the data provided is insufficient, as instructed.

Question for Evaluating Conference
Try yourself:Passage

In the commodities business size does matter. This is common wisdom. The Indian sugar industry, is the second largest in the world after Brazil, has traditionally been fragmented, which led to widespread sickness and large number of mills going bankrupt, a situation exacerbated by a slew of Government controls, which are, meaningfully getting diluted, since August 1998. Its now been more than thirteen and a half years, since the industry was delicensed. No official permission is required either to build a new factory or for brownfield expansion plan, except that there must not be any violation of command area norms. Even, then there aren’t many who have the capacity to play the volumes game at the cyclic sugar business.

Q. India has not yet been able to consolidate its firm stand in the international sugar market.

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Question for Evaluating Conference
Try yourself:Passage

In the commodities business size does matter. This is common wisdom. The Indian sugar industry, is the second largest in the world after Brazil, has traditionally been fragmented, which led to widespread sickness and large number of mills going bankrupt, a situation exacerbated by a slew of Government controls, which are, meaningfully getting diluted, since August 1998. Its now been more than thirteen and a half years, since the industry was delicensed. No official permission is required either to build a new factory or for brownfield expansion plan, except that there must not be any violation of command area norms. Even, then there aren’t many who have the capacity to play the volumes game at the cyclic sugar business.

Q. At present the Indian sugar industry has been made considerably free from Government controls.

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Question for Evaluating Conference
Try yourself:Passage

In the commodities business size does matter. This is common wisdom. The Indian sugar industry, is the second largest in the world after Brazil, has traditionally been fragmented, which led to widespread sickness and large number of mills going bankrupt, a situation exacerbated by a slew of Government controls, which are, meaningfully getting diluted, since August 1998. Its now been more than thirteen and a half years, since the industry was delicensed. No official permission is required either to build a new factory or for brownfield expansion plan, except that there must not be any violation of command area norms. Even, then there aren’t many who have the capacity to play the volumes game at the cyclic sugar business.

Q. Prior to 1998, Indian sugar industry was considerably lower in the world ranking of large nations.

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Question for Evaluating Conference
Try yourself:Passage

In the commodities business size does matter. This is common wisdom. The Indian sugar industry, is the second largest in the world after Brazil, has traditionally been fragmented, which led to widespread sickness and large number of mills going bankrupt, a situation exacerbated by a slew of Government controls, which are, meaningfully getting diluted, since August 1998. Its now been more than thirteen and a half years, since the industry was delicensed. No official permission is required either to build a new factory or for brownfield expansion plan, except that there must not be any violation of command area norms. Even, then there aren’t many who have the capacity to play the volumes game at the cyclic sugar business.

Q. Most of the bankrupt sugar mills in India are funded by the Government to revive their units.

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Type II: Based on Conclusion

These types of questions involve a passage followed by four statements referred to as conclusions. The task for the candidate is to determine which conclusion is the most accurate and logical based on the information provided in the passage.

Question for Evaluating Conference
Try yourself:Direction: In these types of questions a passage is given followed by four inferences. The candidate has to select the best inference based upon the passage by utilising their logical, comprehension and interpretation skills.
Illustration 5. The body of anyone infected by virus X will after a week, produce anti-bodies to fight the virus, the anti-bodies will increase in number for the next year or so. There is now a test that reliably indicates how many anti-bodies are present in a person’s body? If the results are positive, this test can be used during the first year of infection to estimate within a month, how long that person has had the virus?

Q. Which one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above paragraph?

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Question for Evaluating Conference
Try yourself:Direction: In these types of questions a passage is given followed by four inferences. The candidate has to select the best inference based upon the passage by utilising their logical, comprehension and interpretation skills.

Although most of the fastest growing jobs in today’s economy will require a college degree, many of the new jobs being created from home health aid to desktop publisher, require knowledge other than gained from earning a degree. For workers in those jobs, good basic skills in reading, communication and Mathematics play an important role in getting a job and developing a career.
Q. From the information given above it can be validly concluded that, in today’s  economy.

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