Major Landforms - 1 Class 5 Worksheet SST

Q1: True or False

(i) Mountains are the highest landforms on Earth.
Ans: True

(ii) An island is a landform surrounded by water on all sides.
Ans: True

(iii)  A valley is a low-lying area of land between mountains or hills.
Ans: True

(iv) A desert is a landform with abundant rainfall and vegetation.
Ans: False

(v) A canyon is a deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
Ans: True

(vi) A plateau is a flat, elevated landform.
Ans: True

(vii) A peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides.
Ans: False

(viii) A volcano is a landform formed by the eruption of hot magma from Earth's interior.
Ans: True

(ix) A plain is a landform characterized by gentle slopes and low elevation.
Ans: True

(x) A river is a flowing body of water that typically empties into an ocean or lake.
Ans: True

Q2: Fill in the Blanks

(i) The highest mountain in the world is __________.
Ans: Mount Everest

(ii) A large body of saltwater is called a __________.
Ans: Sea or Ocean

(iii) The Great Barrier Reef is an example of a __________.
Ans: Coral Reef

(iv) The Grand Canyon is an example of a __________.
Ans: Canyon

(v) The Himalayas are an example of a __________.

Ans: Mountains

(vi) A landform that has steep sides and a flat top is called a __________.
Ans: Plateau

(vii) The Amazon River flows through the __________.
Ans: Amazon Rainforest

(viii) The Great Plains in the United States are an example of a __________.
Ans: Plain

(ix) The Sahara Desert is located in __________.
Ans: Africa

(x) The Great Lakes are a group of five __________ located in North America.
Ans: Lakes

Q3: Short Answer Type Questions

(i) Define a volcano and explain how it is formed.
Ans: A volcano is a landform that forms when molten rock, ash, and gases escape through the Earth's crust. This molten rock, known as magma, is formed from the melting of rocks deep within the Earth. When the pressure builds up, the magma erupts through a vent or opening, creating a volcano. The erupted material, including lava, ash, and volcanic gases, can build up around the vent, forming a mountain-like structure. Volcanoes can be found on land or underwater.

(ii) Name two major types of landforms found underwater and describe them briefly.
Ans: Two major types of landforms found underwater are seamounts and ocean trenches. Seamounts are volcanic mountains that rise from the ocean floor but do not reach the surface. They can be cone-shaped or elongated and are formed by volcanic activity. Ocean trenches, on the other hand, are long, narrow depressions on the ocean floor. They are formed when two tectonic plates converge, and one plate is forced beneath the other, creating a deep trench. The Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean is the deepest known trench on Earth.

(iii) What are the main characteristics of a mountain range?
Ans: Mountain ranges are characterized by a series of connected mountains. They are formed through tectonic processes, such as the collision of continental plates or the uplift caused by volcanic activity. The main characteristics of a mountain range include high elevation, steep slopes, and a series of peaks or summits. They often form natural barriers, influencing weather patterns and creating diverse ecosystems.

(iv) How are islands formed?
Ans: Islands are formed through various processes. One common way is through volcanic activity. When an underwater volcano erupts, it can build up layers of lava and ash, eventually rising above the water surface and forming an island. Another way islands are formed is through the deposition of sediment carried by rivers or ocean currents. Over time, these sediments accumulate and can create landforms that become islands.

(v) Briefly explain the process of erosion and its impact on landforms.
Ans: Erosion is the process of wearing away or breaking down landforms through the movement of water, wind, ice, or other agents. It can have a significant impact on shaping landforms over long periods. Water erosion, for example, occurs when rivers or waves remove soil and rock particles from the land, creating features like valleys and canyons. Wind erosion can carry and deposit particles, leading to the formation of sand dunes in deserts. Erosion can also contribute to the formation of caves through the dissolution of limestone by water.