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Class 7 Maths Chapter 10 Question Answers - Algebraic Expressions

Q1: Subtract 4a − 7ab + 3b + 12 from 12a − 9ab + 5b − 3.
Ans:

Subtract 4a − 7ab + 3b + 12 from 12a − 9ab + 5b − 3
= 12a − 9ab+5b−3−(4a − 7ab + 3b + 12)
= 12a − 9ab + 5b − 3 − 4a + 7ab − 3b − 12
= 8a − 2ab + 2b − 15

Q2: What should be subtracted from 2a + 6b − 5 to get −3a + 2b + 3?
Ans:

Let X = −3a + 2b + 3 and Y = 2a + 6b − 5
Let Z be the required expression
Now, X = Y − Z
⇒ Z = Y − X
Thus,   2a + 6b − 5 −(−3a + 2b + 3)
= 2a + 6b − 5 + 3a − 2b − 3
= 5a + 4b − 8

Q3: Subtract
(i) 4a − 7ab + 3b + 12 from 12a−9ab + 5b − 3
(ii) 3xy + 5yz − 7zx from 5xy − 2yz − 2zx + 10xyz
(iii) 4p2q − 3pq + 5pq2 − 8p + 7q − 10 from 18 − 3p − 11q + 5pq − 2pq2 + 5p2q
Ans:
(i)

 12a−9ab+5b−3−(4a−7ab+3b+12)
= 12a−9ab+5b−3−4a+7ab−3b−12
= 8a+2b−2ab−15
(ii) 
5xy−2yz−2zx+10xyz−(3xy+5yz−7xz)
= 5xy−2yz−2zx+10xyz−3xy−5yz+7xz
= 2xy−7yz+5xz
(iii) 

18 − 3p − 11q + 5pq − 2pq +5p2 q−(4p2 q−3pq+5q2 p−8p + 7q − 10)
= 18 − 3p − 11q + 5pq − 2pq2 + 5p2q − 4p2 q + 3pq − 5q2 p + 8p − 7q + 10
= 28 + 5p − 18q + 8pq − 7pq2 + p2q

Q4:  Add following.
(i) ab − bc, bc − ca, ca − ab
(ii) a − b + ab, b − c + bc, c − a + ac
(iii) 2p2q2 −3pq + 4, 5 + 7pq − 3p2q2
Ans:
(i)

Given are 3 terms i.e.,
= ab − bc + bc − ca + ca − ab
= ab −ba + bc − bc + ca − ca
= 0
(ii)
Three terms i.e,
= a − b + ab + b − c + bc + c − a + ac
= a − a + b − b + c − c + ab + bc + ca
= ab + bc + ac
(iii) 
Adding the given two terms,
= 2p2q2 −3pq + 4  +  5 + 7pq − 3p2q2
= 2p2q2 − 3p2q2  + 7pq − 3pq + 5 + 4
= −p2q2 + 4pq + 9

Q5: Add (12x2 + 4x + 5y) and (3x2 − 2x + 3y).
Ans:

Adding (12x2 + 4x + 5y)+(3x2 − 2x + 3y)
⇒ 12x2 + 4x + 5y + 3x2 − 2x + 3y
⇒ 15x2 + 2x  + 8y

Q6: Subtract: 8x − 7y − 8p + 10q from 10x + 10y − 7p + 9q.
Ans:

We subtract 8x − 7y − 8p + 10q from 10x + 10y − 7p + 9q as shown below:
(10x + 10y − 7p + 9q) − (8x − 7y − 8p + 10q)
=10x + 10y − 7p + 9q − 8x + 7y + 8p − 10q
=(10x − 8x) + (10y + 7y) + (−7p + 8p) + (9q − 10q)
=2x + 17y + p − q
Hence, the difference is (2x + 17y + p − q).

Q7: Subtract: a − b− 2c from 4a + 6b − 2c.
Ans:

Given: Subtract a − b − 2c and 4a + 6b − 2c
Getting the terms together and subtracting them  for (4a + 6b − 2c) − (a − b − 2c)
(4a − a) + (6b + b) + (−2c + 2c)
Hence (4a + 6b − 2c) − (a − b − 2c)
= 3a + 7b

Q8: Simplify the polynomial and write it in standard form:
(x4 −3)(3x−4)+2x3 (2x2 −2)
Ans:

(x4 −3)(3x−4)+2x3 (2x2 −2)
= 3x5 − 4x4 −9x + 12 + 4x5 − 4x3
= 3x5 + 4x5 − 4x4 − 4x3 −9x + 12
= 7x5 −4x4 − 4x3 −9x + 12

Q9: If a = 3x − 5y, b = 6x + 3y and c = 2y − 4x, then a + b − c = ?
Ans:

Given, a = 3x − 5y, b = 6x + 3y and c = 2y − 4x
We need to find value of a + b − c
Therefore, a + b − c = (3x − 5y) + (6x + 3y) − (2y − 4x)
= 3x − 5y + 6x + 3y−2y + 4x
Combining the like terms, we get:
(3x + 6x + 4x)+(−5y + 3y − 2y)
= (13x) + (−4y)
= 13x − 4y
Hence, a + b − c = 13x − 4y.

Q10: If a = 3x − 5y, b = 6x + 3y and c = 2y − 4x, then 2a − 3b + 4c. = ?
Ans:

If a = 3x − 5y then 2a = 2(3x - 5y) = 6x − 10y
b = 6x + 3y then 3b = 3(6x + 3y) = 18x + 9y
c = 2y − 4x then 4c = 4(2y − 4x) = 8y − 16x
So, 2a − 3b + 4c = 6x − 10y − 18x + 9y + 8y − 16x
= 6x − 34x − 10y + 17y
= −28x + 7y

Q11: Add the following:
(i) a − b + ab, b − c + bc, c − a + ac
(ii) 2lm + 2mn, −7lm + 2nl
Ans:

(i) a − b + ab + b − c + bc + c − a + ac = ab + bc + ac
(ii) 2lm +  2mn − 7lm + 2nl= −5lm + 2mn + 2nl

Q12: Subtract 2ab + 5bc + 3ca from (7ab + 2bc + 10ca)
Ans:

Here, we are subtracting an algebraic expression from another
7ab − 2bc + 10ca
−2ab + 5bc − 3ca
−−−−−−−−−−
4ab − 7bc − 7ca
−−−−−−−−−−
The difference of 7ab − 2bc + 10ca and 2ab + 5bc − 3ca is 4ab − 7bc − 7c

Q13: A rope of length (2x + 5) metre. It is cut into two parts, one measuring (6x − 4) metre, what will be the length of the other part?
Ans:

The length of the other part= (total length of the rope)-(length of the cut part)
= (2x + 5) − (6x − 4)
= 2x + 5 − 6x − 4
= −4x + 9
The length of the other part will be −4x+9 metre.

Q14: Add: 3a − 4b + 4c, 2a + 3b − 8c, a − 6b + c.
Ans:

(3a − 4b + 4c) + (2a + 3b − 8c) + (a − 6b + c)
= 3a − 4b + 4c + 2a + 3b − 8c + a − 6b + c
= (3a + 2a + a) + (−4b + 3b − 6b) + (4c − 8c + c)(Combiningliketerms)
= (3 + 2 + 1)a + (−4 + 3 − 6)b + (4 − 8 + 1)c
= 6a − 7b − 3c
Hence, (3a − 4b + 4c) + (2a + 3b − 8c) + (a − 6b + c) = 6a − 7b − 3c.

Q15: Simplify :
12a − 4a − 9ab + 7ab + 5b − 3b − 3 − 12
Ans:

12a − 4a − 9ab + 7ab + 5b − 3b − 3 − 12
⇒ (12a − 4a) − (9ab − 7ab) + (5b − 3b) − (3 + 12)
⇒ (8a) − (2ab) + 2b− 15
⇒ 2a(a − b) + 2b − 8−7
⇒ (2a)(a − b) − 2(a − b) − 7
⇒ (2a − 2)(4 − b) − 7
⇒ 2(a − 1)(4 − b) −7

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