Long Questions: Diversity and Discrimination | NCERT Summary: UPSC PDF Download

Q1: What safeguards have been provided in the Constitution of India against inequality and discrimination?
Ans:

• Everyone has equal rights and opportunities.
• Untouchability is seen as a crime. It has been legally abolished.
• People are free to choose any kind of work.
• Govt. jobs are open to all people.
• Specific steps to realise this right to equality for poor and other marginal communities.

Respect to diversity ensures equality.

• Freedom to follow any religion
• Freedom to speak their own language
• Freedom to celebrate their festivals
• Freedom to express oneself.

Q2: What does the Constitution of India say about equality? Why equality is necessary?
Ans: The state is prohibited from discriminating against citizens on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or area, according to our Constitution. All persons must be treated equally because only then will our society flourish in the genuine sense of the word. It is our right to receive equal treatment. It is our right to be treated with dignity. It is our entitlement to be afforded the same opportunities as others. Our lives would be a nightmare if we didn't have all of these. Our individuality would be stifled. As a result, we require equality so that everyone can progress without restriction. Only then will we be able to contribute to the society's and country's development.

Q3: Discuss different types of discriminations.
Ans: Discrimination can be based on a variety of factors, including language, status, religion, educational background, and geographic location. It's only natural. Prejudice is a concept that is influenced by unfavourable attitudes toward those who are different than us. Discrimination occurs when people make disparaging remarks about different religions and cultures. Making disparaging remarks about a girl's appearance, behaviour, or customs is also a kind of discrimination. When such topics are raised, the general public may turn against anyone, and someone out of everyone who expresses those opinions may be mocked and dismissed.

Q4: How do stereotype families think that girls are a burden on them?
Ans: The prejudices portray girls as a financial burden on their parents. This has a variety of effects on the daughter's life. It has an impact on their daily lives and has the potential to shatter their ambitions and dreams. It also gives individuals a sense of inferiority and ignorance, as well as a bad feeling. These preconceptions believe that girls will be unable to assist them in the future while boys will. These stereotypes believe that a girl's image in society can be harmed by a variety of actions. Girls' mentality is pressed by these actions of inferiority, and they tend to become introverts.

Q5: List five different effects that a girl suffers by her stereotype family.
Ans: The five affects that a girl experiences in her typical household are as follows:

• Even marriage does not always offer good fortune to the girls. While some in-laws may treat newlywed females well, we frequently discover that they are mistreated at their in-laws' homes. They are exploited in some way.
• Girls may become disappointed and lose focus on their schoolwork.
• Their ambitions to achieve their goals will be destroyed.
• Even at their parents' house, they would feel helpless because they are not given sufficient care, love, and affection by the family.
• The girls' poor treatment would cause them to have low self-esteem and confidence, leaving them mentally weak and reliant.

Q6: Differentiate the lifestyle of urban people with rural people.
Ans: