Class 5 SST Question Answers - Natural Disasters

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Q1: What is a natural disaster, and how does it affect us?
Ans: A natural disaster is a sudden and destructive event caused by natural forces. It can lead to a loss of life and property.

Q2: Explain what an earthquake is and how it can be dangerous.
Ans: An earthquake is when the ground shakes due to sudden movements beneath the Earth's surface. It can be very dangerous because it can cause buildings to collapse and harm people.

Q3: What is the focus and epicenter of an earthquake?
Ans: The focus is the place where the earthquake originates beneath the Earth's surface, and the epicenter is the point directly above the focus on the Earth's surface.

Q4: What causes most earthquakes, and why is it difficult to predict when they will happen?
Ans: Most earthquakes are caused by the rapid release of energy stored within rocks. Predicting when they will occur is difficult because they happen suddenly and without warning.

Q5: Name two earthquake-prone countries and explain why they are prone to earthquakes.
Ans: Japan and the Philippines are earthquake-prone countries because they are located in regions where tectonic plates meet, leading to frequent seismic activity.

Q6: What precautions should you take during an earthquake?
Ans: During an earthquake, go to open areas away from buildings, stand in a corner if inside a building, avoid using elevators, and get out of cars or buses. Stay away from trees, poles, and other objects that could fall.

Q7: Describe a major earthquake in India's history.
Ans: The Bhuj earthquake of 2001, with a magnitude of 7.6 on the Richter scale, was the deadliest earthquake in India's recorded history, causing significant damage and loss of life.

Q8: What causes floods, and why are they common in India?
Ans: Floods are caused by heavy rainfall, dam collapses, sea-level rise, and other factors. They are common in India due to the monsoon season and proximity to rivers.

Q9: How can we prevent or mitigate the effects of drought?
Ans: To prevent or mitigate drought, we can construct reservoirs to store rainwater, educate farmers about sustainable practices, limit human settlements in drought-prone areas, and encourage rainwater harvesting.

Q10: What is a tsunami, and what causes it? Provide an example of a major tsunami event.
Ans: A tsunami is a series of large waves caused by underwater events like volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. An example is the 2011 tsunami in Japan, triggered by a 9.0 magnitude earthquake, which resulted in widespread devastation and loss of life.