The Living World: Worksheet with Solutions | Biology Class 11 - NEET PDF Download

Ans: Taxonomy

Ans: Genus, species

Ans: Plantae

Ans: Carolus Linnaeus

Ans: Paleontology

Ans:

Ans: (a) Growth and development

Ans: (d) Kingdom

Ans: (b) To group similar organisms together

Ans: (d) Inanimate nature

Ans: (c) R.H. Whittaker

Ans: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Ans: (c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

Solution: This organism belongs to the kingdom Plantae. It possesses chloroplasts, which are responsible for photosynthesis, making it autotrophic. The presence of multicellular organization and sexual reproduction further aligns it with the characteristics of plants.

Solution: These organisms belong to the kingdom Monera. The presence of unicellular prokaryotic cells without a nucleus and the cell wall made of peptidoglycan are characteristic features of bacteria, which are classified under the kingdom Monera.

Ans: Binomial nomenclature provides a standardized system for naming organisms, ensuring clarity and universality in communication among scientists. It consists of two names (genus and species) and aids in precise identification, reducing confusion caused by common names.

Ans: Artificial classification groups organisms based on a few selected characteristics for convenience, while natural classification considers overall similarities and evolutionary relationships. Natural classification is more scientifically sound.

Ans: A taxon is a category used in biological classification. For example, "Felidae" is a taxon representing the family of cats.

Ans: Fossils provide insights into the history of life on Earth, allowing scientists to trace evolutionary changes, understand extinct species, and reconstruct past ecosystems.

Ans: A herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens used for scientific research and reference. It aids in the identification of plant species, studying their distribution, and documenting biodiversity.

Ans: Nomenclature, classification & taxonomy.

Ans: Species → genus → family → order    class → Phylum → kingdom.

Ans:

• Kingdom (e.g., Animalia)
• Phylum (e.g., Chordata)
• Class (e.g., Mammalia)
• Order (e.g., Carnivora)
• Family (e.g., Felidae)
• Genus (e.g., Panthera)
• Species (e.g., Panthera leo)

Ans: Carolus Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature, providing a consistent way to name species. He also proposed the hierarchical classification system and emphasized the importance of morphological characteristics.

Ans: The three-domain system (Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya) is based on genetic and molecular data, while the five-kingdom system (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia) relies on observable characteristics. The former is more modern and reflective of evolutionary relationships.

Ans: Living organisms exhibit characteristics such as organization, growth, reproduction, metabolism, response to stimuli, homeostasis, and adaptation to the environment, which non-living entities lack.

Ans: Molecular data, particularly DNA sequencing, provides insights into evolutionary relationships at the molecular level. It helps clarify the classification of organisms and can reveal hidden relationships that may not be apparent based solely on morphology or other characteristics.

Ans: Naming of plants & animals with two words one generic & other specific name is called binomial system of nomenclature. Carolus Linnaeus introduced this scientific system to name a species. He gave two names to a species eg. Mangifere is generic name and indica is the specific name.
Binomial nomenclature is universally accepted all over the world because it is written according to universal rules of nomenclature framed by ICBN, ICZN, & ICNPC etc. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus Homo and within this genus to the species Homo sapiens.
It is the most acceptable mode of naming organisms because the same name can be used all over the world, in all languages, avoiding difficulties of translation. The scientific names are based on agreed principles and criteria.