Worksheet: Employment: Growth, Informalisation - 2 | Economics Class 12 - Commerce PDF Download

Section 1: Fill in the Blanks

Q1: Self-employed individuals own and operate their own ______ to earn a living.

Q2: Casual workers are not employed on a ______ or permanent basis.

Q3: The primary sector includes activities such as agriculture, forestry, logging, fishing, mining, and ______.

Q4: Consumption activity is included in the calculation of ______.

Q5: ______ unemployment occurs when new machinery and labor-saving technologies replace workers.

Q6: The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 aims to provide 100 days of guaranteed paid employment to all rural households willing to perform ______ labor.

Q7: Seasonal employment occurs when a large number of people are unable to find work during a specific ______.

Q8: The ______ sector involves activities related to manufacturing, construction, and the provision of electricity, gas, and water.

Q9: ______ unemployment occurs when the marginal physical productivity of labor is zero or negative.

Q10: Inadequate employment planning is one of the causes of ______ in India.

Section 2: Assertion and Reason

Q1: Assertion: The primary sector includes activities such as agriculture and mining.
Reason: These activities involve the extraction or cultivation of raw materials.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.

Q2: Assertion: Technological unemployment occurs due to the replacement of workers by machines.
Reason: Technological advancements lead to increased demand for skilled workers.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.

Q3: Assertion: Informalization of employment leads to a more flexible work environment.
Reason: Many individuals opt for informal jobs due to better work-life balance.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.

Q4: Assertion: The rate of job creation is lower than the rate of economic growth in a situation of jobless growth.
Reason: Jobless growth occurs due to inadequate investment in human capital.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.

Q5: Assertion: Casualization of employment leads to a decrease in job security for workers.
Reason: Casual workers are typically employed on a temporary or irregular basis.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.

Section 3: Very Short Answers 

Q1: Define self-employed workers.

Q2: What does the tertiary sector comprise?

Q3: Define disguised employment.

Q4: What is the unemployment rate?

Q5: What is industrial unemployment?

Q6: What is the main objective of The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005?

Q7: Define consumption activity.

Q8: Define technological unemployment.

Q9: What does the primary sector include?

Q10: Define casual workers.

Section 4: Short Answers

Q1: Explain the concept of casualization of employment and its impact on job security.

Q2: Describe the types of workers based on employment status.

Q3: Discuss the causes of unemployment in India.

Q4: Explain the types of unemployment based on geographic location.

Q5: Describe the three main types of economic activities.

Q6: Discuss the significance of the tertiary sector in the economy.

Q7: Explain jobless growth and its implications.

Q8: Discuss the role of the government in employment generation in India.

Section 5: Long Answers

Q1: Discuss the shift in the composition of the Indian workforce and its implications.

Q2: Explain the various types of workers and their role in the economy.

Q3: Discuss the impact of technological advancements on employment and job types.

Q4: Discuss the strategies to address unemployment in India.