Class 7 Exam  >  Class 7 Notes  >  Footprints Class 7: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets  >  Chapter Notes: The Delhi Sultanate

Class 7 History Chapter 3 Notes - The Delhi Sultans

Introduction

  • Delhi became an important city in the 12th century.
  • The Tomara Rajputs and Chauhans ruled it.
  • Delhi was a commercial center.

Establishment of Turkish Rule in India

  • Muhammad Ghori left Qutbuddin Aibak in charge in 1206 CE.
  • The Slave dynasty started in India.

The Slave Dynasty (1206-1290 CE)

Qutbuddin Aibak (1206-1210 CE)

  • First sultan of Delhi.
  • Built the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque and Adhai-din ka Jhonpra.
  • Died in a polo accident.

Iltutmish (1210-1236 CE)

  • Qutbuddin Aibak's son-in-law.
  • Consolidated Turkish rule.
  • Organized nobility into the 'chalisa' group.
  • Strengthened the empire's northwest frontier.

Raziya Sultan (1236-1240 CE)

  • The only Muslim woman ruler.
  • Wore male attire, established law, faced revolt, and was murdered.

Nasiruddin Mahmud (1246-1266 CE) and Ghiyasuddin Balban (1266-1287 CE)

  • Balban took power after Raziya.
  • Centralized power, established a spy system, and broke the power of 'chalisa.'

The Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 CE)

Jalaluddin Khalji (1290-1296 CE)

  • Founder of Khalji dynasty.
  • Suppressed revolts and Mongol threat.
  • Governed with people's support and religious tolerance.

Alauddin Khalji (1296-1316 CE)

  • Ambitious ruler.
  • Conquered Gujarat, Rajasthan, and the Deccan.
  • The first sultan to control the Deccan.

The Tughlaq Dynasty

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (1320-1324 CE)

  • Founded the Tughlaq dynasty.
  • Advocated tolerance, carried out public utility works.

Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1324-1351 CE)

  • Learned scholar.
  • Introduced experimental projects, including token currency and shifting the capital to Devagiri.
  • Faced challenges due to impractical ideas.

Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351-1388 CE)

  • Reformed administration.
  • Banned inhuman punishments, set up hospitals for the poor.
  • Introduced tax modifications.
  • Founded Firozabad.

Timur's Invasion (1398 CE)

  • Timur invaded India, plundered Delhi, and took Indian artisans.

The Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451 CE)

  • Established after Timur's invasion.
  • Khizr Khan was the first ruler.
  • Mubarak Shah, Muhammad Khan, and Alauddin Alam Shah followed.

Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526 CE) and Decline of the Sultanate

  • Bahlul Lodi, Sikandar Lodi, and Ibrahim Lodi.
  • The Lodi dynasty's end at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 CE.

Sultanate Administration

  • The sultan was the central figure, responsible for defense, law, and order.
  • Nobles held civilian and military positions.
  • The nobles were ranked as Khans, Maliks, and Amirs.
  • 'Iqtadars' collected taxes from villagers in exchange for land and cash.
  • Slaves held positions in the administration.

Officials of the Sultan's Court

  • The wazir and his deputies managed income, expenditure, and revenue collection.
  • Ariz-i-Mumalik looked after soldiers' employment, training, and equipment.
  • Wakil-i-Dar managed the sultan's household.
  • Amir-i-Hajib was the master of ceremonies.
  • Chief Qazi headed the justice department.

Army

  • Comprised infantry, cavalry, archers, and elephants.
  • Imported high-quality horses from Arabia.
  • Soldiers were described in 'chehra' and horses were branded as 'dagh.'
  • Paid in cash during Alauddin Khalji's rule.

Economic and Social Life

  • Taxes like 'kharaj' and house tax collected for state revenue.
  • All administrative posts reserved for nobles.
  • Slaves were bought and sold.
  • Peasants lived in poverty and faced oppression.

Conclusion

The Delhi Sultanate had a significant impact on India's history with its dynamic rulers, administrative systems, and social structure.

The document Class 7 History Chapter 3 Notes - The Delhi Sultans is a part of the Class 7 Course Footprints Class 7: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets.
All you need of Class 7 at this link: Class 7
32 videos|186 docs|40 tests

Top Courses for Class 7

FAQs on Class 7 History Chapter 3 Notes - The Delhi Sultans

1. When did Turkish rule begin in India?
Ans. Turkish rule in India began with the establishment of the Slave Dynasty in 1206 CE.
2. Which dynasty ruled after the Slave Dynasty?
Ans. The Khalji Dynasty ruled after the Slave Dynasty, from 1290 to 1320 CE.
3. What was the impact of Timur's invasion on the Delhi Sultanate?
Ans. Timur's invasion in 1398 CE severely weakened the Delhi Sultanate. It led to the destruction of cities, looting of wealth, and a decline in the power and influence of the sultanate.
4. Who succeeded the Khalji Dynasty?
Ans. The Tughlaq Dynasty succeeded the Khalji Dynasty and ruled from 1320 to 1414 CE.
5. Which dynasty marked the decline of the Delhi Sultanate?
Ans. The Lodi Dynasty, which ruled from 1451 to 1526 CE, marked the decline of the Delhi Sultanate.
Explore Courses for Class 7 exam

Top Courses for Class 7

Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
10M+ students study on EduRev
Related Searches

Class 7 History Chapter 3 Notes - The Delhi Sultans

,

Exam

,

Semester Notes

,

video lectures

,

pdf

,

Viva Questions

,

Summary

,

study material

,

mock tests for examination

,

Previous Year Questions with Solutions

,

Extra Questions

,

past year papers

,

ppt

,

Objective type Questions

,

Important questions

,

MCQs

,

Free

,

practice quizzes

,

Sample Paper

,

shortcuts and tricks

,

Class 7 History Chapter 3 Notes - The Delhi Sultans

,

Class 7 History Chapter 3 Notes - The Delhi Sultans

;