Textbook Solutions: Living Organisms and Their Surroundings | Eureka Plus Class 6: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets PDF Download

I. Choose the correct option.

II. Answer the following questions in one sentence. 

1. 
Ans: A habitat is the natural home of a living thing, providing it with food, water, and the necessary environment.

2. 
Ans: The environment, which includes factors like temperature, sunlight, soil, and the presence of other living organisms, decides life in a habitat.

3. 
Ans: Plants are called autotrophs because they can make their own food through photosynthesis.

4. 
Ans: Animals are called heterotrophs because they depend on other living things for food.

5. 
Ans: Adaptations of a living thing refer to its specific body features and habits that help it thrive in its habitat.

6. 
Ans: Xerophytes grow in hot, arid environments like sandy deserts.

7. 
Ans: A stimulus is anything that causes a reaction in a living thing, such as light, sound, or smell.

8. 
Ans: A grassland is a terrestrial habitat characterized by a vast, open region with a thick growth of grasses and a few trees.

III. Tick (✔) the true sentences and correct the false ones. 

1. 
Ans: True.

2. 

Ans: True.

3. 
Ans: False.
Different kinds of habitats have different environments.

4. 
Ans: True.

5. 
Ans: True.

6. 
Ans: False.
The same kinds of animals live at a particular altitude on a mountain.

7. 
Ans: False.

8. 
Ans: True.

9. 
Ans: False.

10.
Ans: True.

IV. Give reasons. 

1. 
Ans: Mangroves can save lives during a tsunami because their dense root systems reduce the force of ocean waves, acting as a natural barrier, protecting coastal areas and the people living there.

2. 
Ans: A dense forest and a sandy desert will have different types of living things because they have significantly different environments, including temperature, water availability, and vegetation.

3. 
Ans: Cacti can grow and live in a sandy desert because they have adaptations like reduced leaves, green stems for photosynthesis, and the
ability to store water in their stems, allowing them to survive in arid conditions.

4. 
Ans: Only juniper trees grow at about 4000 meters on high mountainous regions because they are adapted to extremely cold and moist conditions found at such heights.

5. 
Ans: Animals living in the higher regions of mountains have more red blood cells in their blood to help them obtain sufficient oxygen from the thin air at high altitudes.

6. 
Ans: Aquatic plants have air sacs in their stems and leaves to help them stay afloat and collect enough sunlight for photosynthesis.

V. Answer the following questions in four to six sentences. 

1. 
Ans: Animals are adapted to live in their habitat in various ways. For example, camels are adapted to desert life with features like long legs to keep them away from hot sand and padded feet for walking on fine sand. They can also store fat in their humps for energy and can drink large amounts of water when it's available. These adaptations help them survive in the harsh desert environment.

2. 
Ans: Aquatic plants are adapted to grow in water with features like air sacs in their stems and leaves to help them stay afloat and collect sunlight for photosynthesis. They have waterproof coatings on their leaves, and in some cases, they have narrow ribbon-like leaves that can bend with flowing water, reducing damage.

3. 
Ans: Respiration is the process by which living things obtain energy from their food. Most land-dwelling animals and humans use oxygen from the air for respiration. Fish and certain aquatic animals take in dissolved oxygen from water. Respiration involves both breathing and energy release, with the removal of carbon dioxide from the body.

4. 
Ans: Grasslands support a variety of animals, including large herbivores like wildebeests, deer, bisons, giraffes, and zebras. These animals have adaptations like strong grinding teeth for eating tough grasses, long legs for swift running, and sharp senses to escape predators. Carnivores like lions, wild cats, cheetahs, hyenas, and wild dogs are also found in grasslands, with features like strong legs, sharp claws, sharp teeth, and keen eyesight to catch prey.

VI. Write short notes on the following topics. 

1. 
Ans: Living things in mountainous regions are adapted to the changing altitude and temperature. In warmer lower regions, you'll find dense forests with bamboo, oak, and chestnut trees. As altitude increases, coniferous forests with trees like firs and pines become dominant. Higher altitudes have only plants adapted to extreme cold, like juniper trees. Animals in these regions have thick fur coats and more red blood cells to cope with the low oxygen levels at higher altitudes.

2. 
Ans: Tropical rainforests are characterized by constant warmth and moisture. The plant life includes tall, evergreen trees with a dense canopy that blocks sunlight from reaching the forest floor. Various insects, birds, reptiles, mammals, and amphibians inhabit these forests, each with their own unique adaptations to the environment.

3. 
Ans: Habitats in India vary from the cold mountainous Himalayan region to the hot sandy deserts of Rajasthan and Gujarat, as well as warm coastal regions, dense forests, rivers, and the lush Western Ghats. These habitats provide homes to a wide variety of plants and animals, each adapted to the specific conditions of their respective habitats.

Think and answer

1. 
Ans: The snow leopard primarily feeds on mountain goat, musk deer, and snow rabbit. Not all of these animals are herbivores; some of them are carnivores (like the snow leopard) or herbivores that feed on vegetation in the snowy mountainous habitat.

2. 
Ans: If the herbs and shrubs in the Himalayan ranges are destroyed, it will adversely affect the food supply of the snow leopard, potentially leading to food scarcity.

3. 
Ans: The other groups of animals listed cannot be the food of the snow leopard because they are not adapted to the harsh mountainous environment of the Himalayas, and the snow leopard preys on animals that are naturally found in its habitat.