Textbook Solutions: A Globe, Latitudes and Longitudes | Footprints Class 6: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets PDF Download

I. Choose the correct option.

1.
Ans: (c)
The Earth's axis is an imaginary line that runs through the center of the Earth, on which the Earth rotates.

2.
Ans: (a)
The Equator is also known as the Great Circle.

3.
Ans: (a)
The Equator divides the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

4.
Ans: (b)
The Equator falls in the Torrid Zone, which is the hottest zone.

5.
Ans: (b)
The Torrid Zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

6.
Ans: (a)
Longitudinal lines are drawn around the Earth from the North Pole to the South Pole.

7.
Ans: (b)
There are 360 meridians of longitude in total.

8.
Ans: (a)
Longitudes, or meridians of longitude, run north-south, from the North Pole to the South Pole.

9.
Ans: (c)
The longitude that determines the Indian Standard Time is 82°30'E.

10.
Ans: (c)
The local time in India is known as the Indian Standard Time.

II. State whether the following statements are true or false. Rewrite the statements to correct them.

1.
Ans: False
All lines of longitude are not circles. They are straight lines running from the North Pole to the South Pole.

2.
Ans: False
The Temperate Zone is not the hottest zone. The hottest zone is the Torrid Zone, which includes the Equator.

3.
Ans: True
'Geoid' is the term used to describe the shape of the Earth.

4.
Ans: False
The world is not divided into 28 time zones. It is divided into 24 time zones.

5.
Ans: True
The Antarctic Circle does lie in the Southern Hemisphere.

III. Answer the following questions in brief.

1.
Ans: Latitudes are angular distances measured north or south of the Equator. Longitudes are angular distances measured east or west of the Prime Meridian, which runs through Greenwich, England.

2.
Ans: It is always cold at the Poles because they receive slanted sunlight due to their high latitudinal position, and the sunlight is spread over a larger area. Additionally, the rays travel through a longer part of the atmosphere, which reduces heating.

3.
Ans: The Earth is divided into three heat or climatic zones: Torrid Zone (near the Equator), Temperate Zone (mid-latitudes), and Frigid Zone (near the Poles).

4.
Ans: Lines of longitude are called meridians of longitude because they run from the North Pole to the South Pole, meeting at the Poles, and they help determine east-west locations. Lines of latitude are called parallels of latitude because they run parallel to the Equator and help determine north-south locations.

5.
Ans: The world is divided into time zones to account for the differences in time as one moves east or west across the Earth's surface. This division helps standardize timekeeping and makes it more practical for various regions to coordinate activities and schedules.

IV. Answer the following questions In detail.

1.
Ans: The various heat zones on the Earth are:

• Torrid Zone: The region near the Equator, characterized by hot and humid climate.
• Temperate Zone: Located in mid-latitudes, experiencing moderate temperatures.
• Frigid Zone: Near the Poles, known for extremely cold conditions.

2.
Ans: The values of latitudes are marked with 'N' for north and 'S' for south to indicate whether a location is in the Northern Hemisphere (N) or the Southern Hemisphere (S). The values of longitudes are marked with 'E' for east and 'W' for west to specify whether a location is east or west of the Prime Meridian (0°).

3.
Ans: A time zone is a region of the Earth that has the same standard time. Time zones are based on longitudinal divisions, with each time zone covering 15 degrees of longitude. For example, the Prime Meridian, passing through Greenwich, England, is used as the starting point for the time zones.

4.
Ans: IST stands for Indian Standard Time, which is the time standard used in India. The standard meridian for India is approximately 82°30'E, and the local time here is referred to as Indian Standard Time. IST is about 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

5.
Ans: The International Date Line (IDL) is the 180° meridian, and it is exactly 12 hours away from the Prime Meridian. When crossing the IDL from west to east (Western Hemisphere to Eastern Hemisphere), one gains a day, and when crossing from east to west (Eastern Hemisphere to Western Hemisphere), one loses a day. This change in time and date occurs because the Earth rotates in an anti-clockwise direction from west to east, affecting the local time and date. Ships and airplanes crossing the IDL change their calendars accordingly.