Textbook Solutions: Civilisation and Cities | Footprints Class 6: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets PDF Download

I. Tick (✔) the correct option. 

II. State whether the following statements are true or false. Rewrite the statements to correct them. 

III. Answer the following questions brief. 

1.
Ans: The Harappan people demonstrated advanced city planning, efficient drainage systems, well-constructed buildings, and practiced various occupations including farming, pottery-making, and trade.

2.
Ans: Harappan cities were well-planned with upper and lower towns. The upper town was smaller and higher, housing special buildings. The lower town was larger and laid out in a grid pattern with houses, straight roads, and proper sanitation systems.

3.
Ans: Harappan seals have been found in ancient Mesopotamia, and Mesopotamian seals have been found in Harappan cities. This suggests that trade existed between both these civilisations. Additionally, remains of a dockyard excavated at Lothal show that Harappans were familiar with ships.

4.
Ans: The Great Bath is a rectangular structure resembling a swimming pool found at Mohenjodaro. It was likely used for religious purposes.

5.
Ans: Not much is known about the religious beliefs of the Harappan people. They likely worshipped trees and animals, and image worship was prevalent. The most commonly found figurine is that of a female deity, often identified as a Mother Goddess. Burial sites with pottery and ornaments suggest a belief in life after death.

IV. Answer the following questions in detail. 

1.
Ans: The Harappan Civilisation extended from Sindh, Baluchistan, Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and from Jammu in the north to the Narmada estuary in the west. A major portion of it is now in present-day Pakistan. Shortugai in Afghanistan was a Harappan trading post.

2.
Ans: The Indus Valley Civilisation, also known as the Harappan Civilisation, was characterized by well-developed urban centres, advanced city planning, efficient drainage systems, and well-constructed buildings made of stones and burnt bricks. It had a complex social structure with rulers, scribes, merchants, and religious specialists. They practiced various occupations including farming, pottery-making, and trade.

3.
Ans: People in the Indus Valley Civilisation lived in well-planned cities with two parts - upper and lower town. They had well-constructed houses with detailed architectural planning, drainage systems, and sanitation. They engaged in various occupations like farming, pottery-making, weaving, and trade.

4.
Ans: The Harappan people carried out trade with other contemporary civilisations. Harappan seals have been found in ancient Mesopotamia, and Mesopotamian seals have been found in Harappan cities, indicating a trading network. The remains of a dockyard excavated at Lothal show that the Harappans were familiar with ships. They sourced raw materials like copper, tin, gold, and precious stones from different regions.