Magnets Chapter Notes | Eureka Plus Class 6: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets PDF Download

Introduction

Long ago in Greece, a shepherd named Magnes discovered magnets while grazing his sheep. He observed a strange pull on his stick, leading to the discovery of natural magnets, specifically magnetite rocks.

What is a Magnet?

A magnet is an object that attracts metals like iron, cobalt, and nickel. Magnets can be natural, like magnetite rocks, or human-made, with different shapes and sizes.

Types of Materials: Magnetic and Non-Magnetic

• Magnetic Materials: Iron, cobalt, and nickel are attracted to magnets.
• Non-Magnetic Materials: Examples include wood, plastics, paper, glass, aluminum, zinc, and copper.

The Poles of a Magnet

• Definition: The end portions of magnets are called poles.
• Types: Every magnet has a north pole (N) and a south pole (S). Bar magnets, horseshoe magnets, rod magnets, and circular magnets all have north and south poles.
• Directive Property: Magnets align themselves in the north-south direction due to the Earth's magnetic field.

Using Magnets: Magnetic Compass

• Magnetic Compass: A tool with a magnetic needle pointing north-south, helping sailors and explorers navigate.

Magnet Interaction: Like and Unlike Poles

• Like Poles: Repel each other (north-north or south-south).
• Unlike Poles: Attract each other (north-south or south-north).

Permanent Magnets and Force

• Permanent Magnets: Cutting a magnet into pieces results in separate permanent magnets.
• Force at Poles: Magnets exert maximum force at their poles.

Magnetic Force and Distance

• Distance: Magnetic force can act from a distance through non-magnetic materials like paper, plastic, or wood.

Temporary Magnets

• Definition: Materials, like iron, can become temporary magnets when in contact with a permanent magnet or through the touch-and-stroke method.

Care of Magnets

• Maintaining Magnetism: Magnets should be stored with opposite poles beside each other.
• Avoidance: Magnets should be kept away from heat, not hammered, or dropped on hard surfaces.

Uses of Magnets

• Compasses: Used for navigation.
• Everyday Items: Magnets are used in toys, telephones, doorbells, headphones, televisions, digital cameras, computers, refrigerators, credit cards, and in metal recycling.

Conclusion

Understanding magnets helps us in various aspects of life, from navigation to the functioning of everyday gadgets. Learning about magnets opens up a world of possibilities and applications in the world around us.