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District and Sessions Court:

  • Each district in Haryana has two courts: District Court for civil cases and Sessions Court for criminal cases.
  • These courts are established by the State Government and presided over by judges appointed by the Governor in consultation with the High Court.
  • Haryana judicial service includes Haryana Civil Judicial Service and Higher Judicial Service.
  • All District and Sessions Courts in Haryana are under the control of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana.

Revenue Court:

  • Deals with land revenue cases and related disputes in the state.
  • Each district has a Revenue Court, with the highest being the Board of Revenue.
  • Includes the Court of Commissioners, Collectors, Tehsildars, and Sub-Tehsildars.

Family Court:

  • Established in every state under the Family Courts Act, 1984.
  • Hears cases related to family matters, domestic relationships, and marriage proceedings.
  • Appeals against Family Court judgments can only be made in the High Court.

State Administrative Tribunal:

  • Quasi-judicial institution set up to handle pending cases from various courts, particularly those related to taxes and administrative issues.
  • Aims to reduce workloads and expedite decisions.
  • Governed by the Haryana Administrative Tribunal Rules, 2017.

State Legal Services Authority:

  • Set up under the Legal Services Authority Act 1987, with enforcement starting from November 9, 1995.
  • Headed by the Chief Justice of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana, with a senior judge as the Executive Chairman.
  • State Legal Services Authority in Haryana is located in Chandigarh and operates at different levels, including the High Court, district level, and sub-divisions.

Lok Adalats:

  • Established under Article 39(A) of the Directive Principles of State Policy.
  • Given statutory status under the Legal Services Authorities Act 1987.
  • Functions as Civil Courts, with final judgments that cannot be appealed.
  • Permanent Lok Adalats exist in 11 districts of Haryana, handling long-pending civil and certain criminal cases.

Commercial Courts:

  • Created under the Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Act 2015.
  • Haryana has a Special Commercial Court in Gurugram, established on October 27, 2017, with jurisdiction across the entire state.

Environmental Courts:

  • Specifically handle cases involving violations of environmental laws.
  • Haryana has set up two environmental courts in Faridabad and Kurukshetra, each with defined jurisdictions.

District Consumer Courts:

  • Established under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, and later modified by the Consumer Protection Act 2019.
  • Haryana has Consumer Redressal Cells and Consumer Forums in each district (except Charki-Dadri).
  • Post-2019, these courts can handle cases up to 1 crore.

Advocate General:

  • Appointed by the Governor of the state under Article 165 of the Indian Constitution.
  • Qualifications include being a citizen of India, practicing law for 10 years or more, or serving as a judge in the High Court for a minimum of 10 years.
  • The Advocate General advises the State Government, attends State Legislative Assembly meetings without voting rights, and Babu Anand Swarup was the first Advocate General of Haryana.
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