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New Projects and Local Self Government in Haryana - 2 | HPSC Preparation: All subjects - HPSC (Haryana) PDF Download

Local Self-Government in Urban Areas:


Introduction:

  • The Twelfth Schedule was introduced into the Indian Constitution through the 74th Amendment.
  • This schedule encompasses 18 subjects related to the functions of urban local self-government.
  • Urban areas are divided into wards to establish urban local bodies.

Implementation in Haryana:

  • In Haryana, the urban local self-government system is established through the 74th Amendment.
  • The election, tenure, and reservation processes in urban local self-government mirror those of Gram Panchayats.
  • In 2016, Haryana implemented educational and character conditions in urban local self-government based on Panchayati Raj Institutions.

Haryana Municipality Act, 1973:

  • According to Section 2 of the Haryana Municipality Act, 1973, urban local self-government is categorized into three parts: Municipal Committee, Municipal Council, and Municipal Corporation.

Municipal Committee:


Description:

  • Municipal Committees manage small urban areas with populations ranging from 20,000 to 300,000.
  • The number of elected members in Haryana municipalities ranges from 10 to 24, with 2 or 3 nominated members.
  • Committees consist of a Chairperson, Deputy Chairperson, elected, nominated, and ex-officio members.

Municipal Council:


Overview:

  • Municipal Councils administer cities with populations ranging from 300,000 to 1 million.
  • Councils have a Chairperson, Deputy Chairperson, and elected, nominated, and ex-officio members.
  • In Haryana, there is a 50% women's reservation in Municipal Council seats.
  • Municipal Councils can form a maximum of 5 committees.

Municipal Corporation:


Details:

  • Municipal Corporations manage urban areas in Haryana with populations exceeding 1 million.
  • Corporations include a Mayor, Deputy Mayor, and elected, nominated, and ex-officio members.
  • Elections are held every 5 years, with a 5-year tenure for the Mayor.
  • There are 10 Municipal Corporations in Haryana, with Faridabad being the largest and oldest.

Historical Overview:

  • Faridabad, formed in May 1994, is the oldest Municipal Corporation, while Sonipat, formed on June 1, 2015, is the smallest.
  • Seven districts received Municipal Corporation status in 2010.

Mayoral Elections:

  • Since September 5, 2018, Mayors are directly elected through Mayoral elections.

Haryana Municipal Amendment Bill, 2016:

  • The Bill was passed to develop a Three-Tier System of urban local self-government.
  • Amendments were made to educational qualifications and eligibility criteria for contesting elections.
  • The Bill barred individuals charged in criminal cases, defaulters of loans, and those without a functional toilet at home from contesting elections.

Haryana Municipal Amendment Bill, 2017:

  • Enacted by the Legislative Assembly in 2017, this Amendment Bill made changes to the Haryana Municipal Corporation Act, 1994.
  • Municipal Committees can now be formed in cities with a population of more than 3 lakhs according to this Amendment.
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FAQs on New Projects and Local Self Government in Haryana - 2 - HPSC Preparation: All subjects - HPSC (Haryana)

1. What are some new projects that have been implemented in Haryana?
Ans. Haryana has implemented several new projects, such as the construction of highways, development of smart cities, installation of solar power plants, and the establishment of industrial corridors. These projects aim to boost infrastructure, promote sustainable energy, and attract investments for economic growth.
2. What is the role of local self-government in Haryana?
Ans. Local self-government in Haryana plays a vital role in the administration and governance of the state. It empowers local bodies such as municipalities, panchayats, and urban local bodies to manage and provide essential services like water supply, sanitation, waste management, urban planning, and development within their respective jurisdictions.
3. How does the Haryana Public Service Commission (HPSC) contribute to the development of the state?
Ans. The Haryana Public Service Commission (HPSC) plays a crucial role in the development of Haryana by conducting competitive examinations, recruitment processes, and selecting eligible candidates for various government positions. It ensures a fair and transparent selection process, enabling the state to have competent and qualified individuals serving in different governmental departments.
4. Can you provide more information about the ongoing projects related to smart cities in Haryana?
Ans. Haryana is actively involved in developing smart cities through various projects. These initiatives focus on incorporating advanced technology, efficient urban planning, and improved infrastructure to enhance the quality of life for residents. Some ongoing projects include the implementation of intelligent traffic management systems, smart grid systems for efficient electricity distribution, and the use of digital platforms for citizen services and governance.
5. How does the establishment of industrial corridors contribute to the economic growth of Haryana?
Ans. The establishment of industrial corridors in Haryana plays a significant role in boosting the state's economic growth. These corridors provide a conducive environment for industries to flourish by offering infrastructure facilities, connectivity, and favorable policies. They attract investments, create job opportunities, and contribute to the overall development of the state's manufacturing and service sectors.
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