Introduction
- The University Grants Commission (UGC) establishes the syllabus for both the June and December cycles in conjunction with the UGC NET Notification. If there are updates to the UGC NET curriculum for any subject(s), the NTA will issue a formal notification along with the revised syllabus. The UGC NET syllabus adjustments will be aligned with the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) under the guidance of UGC Chairman M Jagdesh Mamidala.
- The UGC NET syllabus is categorized into two sections: UGC NET Paper 1 Syllabus 2024 and UGC NET Paper 2 Syllabus 2024. The UGC NET Paper 1 syllabus is universal for all candidates appearing for the UGC NET exam 2024. Conversely, the UGC NET Paper 2 syllabus varies across different subjects. Paper 2 includes subject-specific questions corresponding to the candidates' areas of specialization. While Paper 1 consists of 50 multiple-choice questions, Paper 2 contains 100 MCQs that must be completed within a 3-hour timeframe.
Understanding the UGC NET 2024 Syllabus
Preparing for Papers 1 and 2 of the UGC NET 2024 exam begins with a solid grasp of the syllabus. To excel in the exam, candidates must familiarize themselves with the latest exam pattern and syllabus. The UGC NET 2024 exam will assess candidates' eligibility for the roles of Assistant Professor and/or Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) across 83 subjects.
Key Points to Note:
- UGC NET Hindi Syllabus 2024
- UGC NET Geography Syllabus 2024
Subject-Wise Syllabus Highlights:
- UGC NET Hindi Syllabus 2024
- UGC NET Geography Syllabus 2024
- UGC to Revise Syllabus for NET
- UGC NET Paper 1 Syllabus 2024
- UGC NET Paper 1 Syllabus PDF: Download
- UGC NET Paper 2 Syllabus PDF: Free Download
- UGC NET Subject-Wise Syllabus 2024
- UGC NET History Syllabus 2024
- UGC NET English Syllabus
- UGC NET Political Science Syllabus
- UGC NET Computer Science and Application Syllabus
- UGC NET Economics Syllabus
- UGC NET Law Syllabus 2024
- UGC NET Buddhist, Jaina, Gandhian, and Peace Studies Syllabus 2024
- UGC NET Environmental Science Syllabus 2024
- New Subject Added for UGC NET 2023 Paper 2
- Best UGC NET Books for Preparation
- UGC NET Exam Pattern 2024
- UGC NET Marking Scheme
- Topper Tips for UGC NET Preparation 2024
Updates on Syllabus Revision:
The Chairman of UGC announced on social media that revisions to the UGC NET syllabus are forthcoming. Aspirants will receive ample preparation time before the changes take effect. The decision to revise the syllabus was made on November 3, 2023, during a Commission meeting. The impetus for this change stems from the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020, with the syllabi for all 83 subjects being realigned in accordance with the NEP 2023.
TheLatest UGC NET Syllabus 2024
The UGC NET syllabus for 2024 will be available on the official website EduRev as soon as it is updated and uploaded on ugcnet.nta.ac.in.
Read the exclusive interview with the UGC Chairman regarding the revision of the UGC NET Syllabus.
The UGC NET Paper 1 syllabus for 2024 includes topics from the General Paper on Teaching and Research Aptitude, which is essential for all candidates. Go through the complete UGC NET Syllabus for Paper 1 below.
Unit-I: Teaching Aptitude
- Teaching: Concept, objectives, levels of teaching (memory, understanding, and reflective), characteristics, and basic requirements
- Learner's characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (academic, social, emotional, and cognitive), individual differences
- Factors affecting teaching related to Teacher, Learner, Support material, Instructional facilities, Learning environment, and Institution
- Methods of teaching in higher learning institutions: Teacher-centered vs. learner-centered methods; offline vs. online methods (Swayam, Swayamprabha, MOOCs, etc.)
- Teaching support system: Traditional, modern, and ICT-based
- Evaluation systems: Elements and types of evaluation, evaluation in Choice-Based Credit Systems in higher education, computer-based testing, innovations in evaluation systems
Unit-II: Research Aptitude
- Research: Meaning, types, and characteristics, positivism and post-positivistic approach to research
- Methods of research: Experimental, descriptive, historical, qualitative, and quantitative methods
- Steps of research
- Thesis and article writing: Format and styles of referencing
- Application of ICT in research
- Research ethics
Explore more details about the UGC NET Exam Date for 2024.
Unit-III: Comprehension
- A passage of text is provided, and questions are based on the passage that require answers.
Unit-IV: Communication
- Communication: Understanding the meaning, types, and characteristics of communication.
- Effective communication: Exploring verbal and non-verbal communication, inter-cultural and group communications, as well as classroom communication.
- Barriers to effective communication.
- Mass-media and society.
Unit-V: Mathematical Reasoning and Aptitude
- Types of reasoning.
- Number series, letter series, codes, and relationships.
- Mathematical aptitude covering fractions, time & distance, ratios, proportions, percentages, profit and loss, interest and discount calculations, averages, etc.
Unit-VI: Logical Reasoning
- Understanding the structure of arguments: Delving into argument forms, the structure of categorical propositions, mood and figure, formal and informal fallacies, uses of language, connotations, and denotations of terms, as well as the classical square of opposition.
- Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning.
- Analogies.
- Venn diagram: Exploring simple and multiple uses for establishing the validity of arguments.
- Indian Logic: Investigating the means of knowledge.
- Pramanas: Including Pratyaksha (Perception), Anumana (Inference), Upamana (Comparison), Shabda (Verbal testimony), Arthapatti (Implication), and Anupalabddhi (Non-apprehension).
- Structure and kinds of Anumana (inference), Vyapti (invariable relation), Hetvabhasas (fallacies of inference).
Unit-VII: Data Interpretation
- Sources, acquisition, and classification of data
- Quantitative and qualitative data
- Graphical representation (bar-chart, histograms, pie-chart, table-chart, and line-chart) and mapping of data
- Data interpretation
- Data and governance
Unit-VIII: Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
- ICT: General abbreviations and terminology
- Basics of Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio, and Video-conferencing
- Digital initiatives in higher education
- ICT and Governance
Unit-IX: People, Development, and Environment
- Development and environment: Millennium development and Sustainable development goals
- Human and environment interaction: Anthropogenic activities and their impacts on the environment
- Environmental issues: Local, regional, and global; covering air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution, waste (solid, liquid, biomedical, hazardous, electronic), climate change, and its socio-economic and political dimensions
- Impacts of pollutants on human health
- Natural and energy resources: Solar, Wind, Soil, Hydro, Geothermal, Biomass, Nuclear, and Forests
- Natural hazards and disasters: Mitigation strategies
- Environmental Protection Act (1986), National Action Plan on Climate Change, International agreements/efforts - Montreal Protocol, Rio Summit, Convention on Biodiversity, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, International Solar Alliance
Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India
- Evolution of higher learning and research in post-independence India
- Oriental, conventional and non-conventional learning programmes in India
- Professional, technical and skill-based education.
- Value education and environmental education
- Policies, governance, and administration
UGC NET Teaching Aptitude Syllabus
- Teaching: Concept, Objectives, Levels of teaching (Memory, Understanding, and Reflective), Characteristics, and basic requirements.
- Learner's characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (Academic, Social, Emotional, and Cognitive), Individual differences.
- Factors affecting teaching related to Teacher, Learner, Support material, Instructional facilities, Learning environment, and Institution.
- Methods of teaching in Institutions of higher learning: Teacher-centered vs. Learner-centered methods; offline vs. Online methods (Swayam, Swayamprabha, MOOCs, etc.).
- Teaching Support System: Traditional, Modern, and ICT-based.
- Evaluation Systems: Elements and Types of Evaluation, Evaluation in Choice Based Credit System in Higher Education, Computer-based Testing, Innovations in evaluation systems
UGC NET Research Aptitude Syllabus
The research aptitude section is taken to measure the tendency and knowledge of the candidates which will be used while doing the PhD. The syllabus for the UGC NET Research Aptitude has been given below for the candidates:
Research
- Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Post-positivist approach to research.
- Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative, and Quantitative Methods.
- Steps of Research.
- Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing.
- Application of ICT in research.
UGC NET Communication Syllabus
The UGC NET communication syllabus is designed to test the communication knowledge of the candidates. The syllabus of the UGC NET communication syllabus has been given below for the candidates:
Communication
- Meaning, types, and characteristics of communication.
- Effective communication: Verbal and Non-verbal, Inter-Cultural and group communications, Classroom communication
- Mass-Media and Society
- Prepare for Competitive Exams with Expert Tips on English SectionClick Here
Prepare for Competitive Exams with Expert Tips on English Section
Basics of UGC NET Paper 2 Exam
- Basics of Sequence and Series
- Basics of Differential Equations
- Basics of Vector Algebra
- Basics of Determinants
- Basics of Mensuration
- Basics of Relations and Functions
- Basics of Inverse Trigonometric Functions
- Basics of Sets
- Basics of Probability
- Basics of Game Theory
Understanding UGC NET Paper 2 Exam
UGC NET Paper 2 exam is subject-specific and based on the subjects chosen by the candidate. It comprises 100 questions, each carrying two marks for a correct answer, making the maximum mark achievable in Paper 2 two hundred. Candidates should initiate their preparation for the Paper 2 exams during their university days as Paper 2 requires specialization. Individuals are required to select the subject they studied during their post-graduation for Paper 2. The PDF containing the UGC NET Paper 2 syllabus is provided below for the candidates' reference.
UGC NET Paper 2 Syllabus Information
Aspiring candidates must choose a subject for UGC NET Paper 2, either related to their post-graduation field or a relevant subject. NTA UGC NET is conducted for a total of 83 subjects. To access the UGC NET Paper 2 syllabus for all 83 subjects, candidates can click on the provided PDF links.
| UGC NET Paper 2 Subject List | Subject Code | Syllabus PDF |
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| UGC NET Paper 2 Subject List |
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Indian Languages and Linguistics Overview
Maithili
Maithili is a language spoken mainly in the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand.
Bengali
Bengali is predominantly spoken in the eastern regions of India, notably West Bengal and Tripura.
Hindi
Hindi is one of the most widely spoken languages in India and serves as the official language of the country.
Kannada
Kannada is the primary language of the state of Karnataka in southern India.
Malayalam
Malayalam is predominantly spoken in the state of Kerala in southwestern India.
Oriya
Oriya, also known as Odia, is spoken in the eastern Indian state of Odisha.
Punjabi
Punjabi is spoken in the northern Indian state of Punjab and in parts of Delhi.
Sanskrit
Sanskrit is an ancient language of India and holds significant religious and cultural importance.
Tamil
Tamil is the predominant language of the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu and northern Sri Lanka.
Telugu
Telugu is primarily spoken in the southern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Urdu
Urdu is widely spoken in parts of India and is also one of the official languages of Pakistan.
Arabic
Arabic is spoken by a minority in India and is the language of religious texts for Muslims.
English
English is used widely in India for official and administrative purposes and is a key language for education.
Linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of language and its structure, including grammar, syntax, and semantics.
Other Languages and Educational Fields
Chinese
Chinese is one of the most widely spoken languages globally and holds significant cultural importance.
Dogri
Dogri is spoken in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and parts of Himachal Pradesh.
Nepali
Nepali is the official language of Nepal and is also spoken in parts of India.
Manipuri
Manipuri, also known as Meiteilon, is spoken mainly in the northeastern Indian state of Manipur.
Assamese
Assamese is spoken in the northeastern Indian state of Assam and parts of Arunachal Pradesh.
Gujarati
Gujarati is the primary language of the Indian state of Gujarat in western India.
Marathi
Marathi is spoken predominantly in the state of Maharashtra and is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India.
French (French Version)
The French language, in its French version, is widely spoken around the world and is a key language in diplomacy and culture.
Spanish
Spanish is one of the most spoken languages globally and is the official language of numerous countries.
Russian
Russian is the largest native language in Europe and is spoken across Russia and parts of Eastern Europe and Central Asia.
Persian
Persian, also known as Farsi, is spoken primarily in Iran and is one of the oldest languages in the world.
Rajasthani
Rajasthani is a language spoken in the Indian state of Rajasthan and surrounding regions.
German
German is the most widely spoken language in Germany and is a key language in the European Union.
Japanese
Japanese is the official language of Japan and is spoken by over 125 million people worldwide.
Adult Education/ Continuing Education/ Andragogy/ Non-Formal Education
This field encompasses educational practices designed for adults, focusing on lifelong learning and professional development.
This article provides an overview of various Indian languages, as well as insights into linguistics and other languages of significant global importance. Each language discussed here plays a crucial role in the cultural fabric of the regions where they are spoken, reflecting the diversity and richness of India's linguistic landscape.
Sanskrit Traditional Subjects
- Jyotisha
- Sidhanta Jyotish
- Navya Vyakarna
- Vyakarna
- Mimansa
- Navya Nyaya
- Sankhya Yoga
- Tulanatmaka Darsan
- Shukla Yajurveda
- Madhav Vedant
- Dharmasasta
- Sahitya
- Puranotihasa
- Agama
Women Studies
Visual Art
- Drawing & Painting
- Sculpture
- Graphics
- Applied Art
- History of Art
UGC NET Exam 2024 Syllabus Overview
For candidates preparing for the UGC NET exam in 2024, a detailed understanding of the subject-specific syllabus is crucial. Below, we provide a comprehensive overview of the syllabus for various subjects:
Subjects Included:
- Prakrit - Code 91
- Human Rights and Duties - Code 92
- Tourism Administration and Management - Code 93
- Bodo - Code 94
- Santali - Code 95
- Yoga - Code 100
- Sindhi - Code 101
- Hindu Studies - Code 102
Aspirants are advised to carefully review the detailed syllabus corresponding to their chosen subject. Understanding the syllabus will aid in devising an effective preparation strategy for the UGC NET June 2024 examination.
Geography Paper 2 Syllabus:
One of the key subjects in the UGC NET exam is Geography. The syllabus for Geography Paper 2 is structured into ten units. Below is a brief overview of the syllabus:
UNIT 1: Geomorphology
- Continental Drift
- Plate Tectonics
- Endogenetic and Exogenetic forces
- Denudation and Weathering
- Geomorphic Cycle (Davis and Penck)
- Theories and Process of Slope Development
- Earth Movements (seismicity, folding, faulting and vulcanicity)
- Landform Occurrence and Causes of Geomorphic Hazards (earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides and avalanches)
It is essential for candidates to thoroughly grasp each of these topics to excel in the Geography section of the UGC NET exam.
Article on Climatology, Oceanography, and Geography of Environment
UNIT 2: Climatology
- Composition and Structure of Atmosphere
- Insolation, Heat Budget of Earth
- Temperature, Pressure and Winds
- Atmospheric Circulation
- Air-masses, fronts, and upper air circulation
- Cyclones and anticyclones (tropical and temperate)
- Climatic Classification of Koppen & Thornthwaite
- ENSO Events (El Nino, La Nina, and Southern Oscillations)
- Meteorological Hazards and Disasters
- Cyclones, Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, Hailstorms, Heat and Cold waves
- Drought and Cloudburst, Glacial Lake Outburst (GLOF)
- Climate Change: Evidences and Causes of Climatic Change in the past
- Human impact on Global Climate
UNIT 3: Oceanography
- Relief of Oceans
- Composition: Temperature, Density, and Salinity
- Circulation: Warm and Cold Currents
- Waves, Tides, Sea Level Changes
- Hazards: Tsunami and Cyclone
UNIT 4: Geography of Environment
- Components: Ecosystem (Geographic Classification) and Human Ecology
- Functions: Trophic Levels, Energy Flows, Cycles (geo-chemical, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen)
- Food Chain, Food Web, and Ecological Pyramid
- Human Interaction and Impacts
- Environmental Ethics and Deep Ecology
- Environmental Hazards and Disasters
- Global Warming, Urban Heat Island, Atmospheric Pollution
- Water Pollution, Land Degradation
- National Programmes and Policies: Legal Framework, Environmental Policy
- International Treaties, International Programmes, and Polices
- Brundtland Commission, Kyoto Protocol, Agenda 21
- Sustainable Development Goals, Paris Agreement
UNIT 5: Population and Settlement Geography
Population Geography
- Population Geography: Sources of population data (census, sample surveys and vital statistics, data reliability and errors).
- World Population Distribution (measures, patterns and determinants).
- World Population Growth (prehistoric to modern period).
- Demographic Transition.
- Theories of Population Growth (Malthus, Sadler, and Ricardo).
- Fertility and Mortality Analysis (indices, determinants and world patterns).
- Migration (types, causes and consequences and models).
- Population Composition and Characteristics (age, sex, rural-urban, occupational structure and Geographical levels).
- Population Policies in Developed and Developing Countries.
Settlement Geography
- Rural Settlements (types, patterns and distribution).
- Contemporary Problems of Rural Settlements (rural-urban migration; land use changes; land acquisition and transactions).
- Theories of Origin of Towns (Gordon Childe, Henri Pirenne, Lewis Mumford).
- Characteristics and Processes of Urbanization in Developed and Developing Countries (factors of urban growth, trends of urbanisation, size, structure and functions of urban areas).
- Urban Systems (the law of the primate city and rank-size rule).
- Central Place Theories (Christaller and Losch).
- Internal Structure of the City.
- Models of Urban Land Use (Burgess, Harris and Ullman, and Hoyt).
- Concepts of Megacities, Global Cities and Edge Cities.
- Changing Urban Forms (peri-urban areas, rural-urban fringe, suburban, ring and satellite towns).
- Social Segregation in the City.
- Urban Social Area Analysis.
- Manifestation of Poverty in the City (slums, informal sector growth, crime and social exclusion).
Unit 6: Geography of Economic Activities and Regional Development
Economic Geography: Factors affecting the spatial organization of economic activities (primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary), Natural Resources (classification, distribution, and associated problems), and Natural Resources Management. World Energy Crises in Developed and Developing Countries.
Agricultural Geography
Land capability classification and Land Use Planning
Cropping Pattern: Methods of delineating crop combination regions (Weaver, Doi, and Rafiullah)
Crop diversification
Von Thunen's Model of Land Use Planning
Measurement and Determinants of Agricultural Productivity
Regional variations in Agricultural Productivity
Agricultural Systems of the World
Industrial Geography
Classification of Industries
Factors of Industrial Location
Theories of Industrial Location (A. Weber, E. M. Hoover, August Losch, A. Pred, and D. M. Smith)
World Industrial Regions
Impact of Globalization on the manufacturing sector in Less Developed Countries
Tourism Industry
World Distribution and growth of Information And Communication Technology (ICT) and Knowledge Production (Geography and R & D) Industries
Geography of Transport and Trade
- Theories and Models of spatial interaction (Edward Ullman and M. E. Hurst)
- Measures and Indices of connectivity and accessibility
- Spatial Flow Models: Gravity Model and its variants
- World Trade Organisation
- Globalization and Liberalization and World Trade Patterns
- Problems and Prospects of Inter and Intra Regional Cooperation and Trade
Regional Development
- Typology of Regions
- Formal and Fictional Regions
- World Regional Disparities
- Theories of Regional Development
- Albert O. Hirschman
- Gunnar Myrdal
- John Friedman
- Dependency theory of Underdevelopment
- Global Economic Blocks
- Regional Development and Social Movements in India
Cultural, Social, and Political Geography
Unit 7: Cultural and Social Geography
- Cultural and Social Geography
- Concept of Culture
- Cultural Complexes
- Areas and Region
- Cultural Heritage
- Cultural Ecology
- Cultural Convergence
- Social Structure and Processes
- Social Well-being and Quality of Life
- Social Exclusion
- Spatial distribution of social groups in India (Tribe, Caste, Religion, and Language)
- Environment and Human Health
- Diseases Ecology
- Nutritional Status (etiological conditions, classification, and spatial and seasonal distributional patterns with special reference to India)
- Health Care Planning and Policies in India
- Medical Tourism in India
Unit 7: Political Geography
- Political Geography
- Boundaries and Frontiers (with special reference to India)
- Heartland and Rimland Theories
- Trends and Developments in Political Geography
- Geography of Federalism
- Electoral Reforms in India
- Determinants of Electoral Behaviour
- Geopolitics of Climate Change
- Geopolitics of World Resources
- Geo-politics of India Ocean
- Regional Organisations of Cooperation (SAARC, ASEAN, OPEC, EU)
- Geopolitics of World Natural Resources
Unit 8: Geographic Thought
- Contributions of Greek, Roman, Arab, Chinese, and Indian Scholars
- Contributions of Geographers
- Bernhardus Varenius
- Immanuel Kant
- Alexander von Humboldt
- Carl Ritter
- Schaefer & Hartshorne
- Impact of Darwinian Theory on Geographical Thought
- Contemporary trends in Indian Geography: Cartography, Thematic, and Methodological contributions
- Major Geographic Traditions
- Earth Science
- Man-environment relationship
- Area studies and spatial analysis
- Dualisms in Geographic Studies
- Physical vs. human
- Regional vs. systematic
- Qualitative vs. quantitative
- Ideographic vs. nomothetic
- Paradigm Shift
- Perspectives in Geography
- Positivism
- Behaviouralism
- Humanism
- Structuralism
- Feminism
- Postmodernism
Unit 10: Geography of India
Major Topics Covered:
- Major Physiographic Regions and their Characteristics
- Drainage System (Himalayan and Peninsular)
- Climate:
- Seasonal Weather Characteristics
- Climatic Divisions
- Indian Monsoon (mechanism and characteristics)
- Jet Streams and Himalayan Cryosphere
- Types and Distribution of Natural Resources:
- Soil
- Vegetation
- Water
- Mineral and Marine Resources
- Population Characteristics:
- Spatial patterns of distribution
- Growth and Composition
- Determinants of Population
- Population Policies in India
- Agriculture:
- Production, Productivity, and Yield of Major Food Crops
- Major Crop Regions
- Regional Variations in Agricultural Development
- Environmental, Technological, and Institutional Factors affecting Indian Agriculture
- Industrial Development since Independence:
- Industrial Regions and their characteristics
- Industrial Policies in India
- Development and Patterns of Transport Networks:
- Railways
- Roadways
- Waterways
- Airways
- Pipelines
- Internal and External Trade:
- Trend, Composition, and Directions
- Regional Development Planning in India
- Globalisation and its impact on the Indian Economy
- Natural Disasters in India:
- Earthquake
- Drought
- Flood
- Cyclone
- Tsunami
- Himalayan Highland Hazards and Disasters
While preparing for the UGC NET 2024 exam, candidates should have detailed knowledge regarding their subject. It is essential to understand these topics thoroughly to excel in the examination.
Important Units in Indian History
Unit 1: Negotiating the Sources
- Indus/Harappa Civilization
- Expansion of State system
- Vedic and later Vedic periods
- Pastoralism and Food Production
Unit 2: From State to Empire
- Dissolution of Empire and Emergence of Regional Powers
- Salankayanas and Visnukundins in Andhradesa
- Harsha and his Times
- Gupta Vakataka age
- From State to Empire
Unit 3: The emergence of Regional Kingdoms
- Kingdoms in Deccan, South India, Eastern India, Western India, North India
- Characteristics of Early Medieval India
- Trade and urbanization
- Growth of Brahminical religions
- Debates of state formation in Early Medieval India
Unit 4: Source of Medieval Indian History
- Rise of the Marathas & the foundation of Swaraj by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
- Source of Medieval Indian History
- The Vijayanagara and the Bahmanis
- Foundation of the Mughal Empire
- Later Mughals and Disintegration of the Mughal Empire
Unit 5: Administration & Economy
Administration & Economy
- Sher Shah’s Administrative Reforms
- Administrative System in the Deccan
- Frontier Policies under Delhi Sultanate and Mughals
- Inter-State Relations during the Sultanate and the Mughals
Unit 6: Society and Culture
- The Saints of the Medieval Period
- The Sufis
- The Sikh Movement
- Bhakti Movement
- Development of Education, Fine Arts
Unit 7: Sources of Modern Indian History
- Sources of Modern Indian History
- Rise of British Power
- Establishment and Expansion of British Dominion in India
- British Relations with the Principal Indian States
- Revolt of 1857
Unit 8: Colonial Economy
- Colonial Economy
- Expansion and Commercialization of Agriculture
- British Industrial Policy
- Modernization of Indian Languages and Literary Forms
- Indian Society in Transition
Unit 9: Rise of Indian Nationalism
- Swadeshi and Swaraj
- Birth of the Indian National Congress
- B.R. Ambedkar
- Gandhian Mass Movements
- India after Independence
Unit 10: Historical Method, Research, Methodology, and Historiography
- Scope and Importance, Objectivity and Bias in History
Scope and Importance, Objectivity and Bias in History
- Recent Trends in Indian History
- Beginnings of Historical Writings - Greek, Roman, and Church
- Renaissance and its Impact on History Writing
- Post-Modernism in History
UGC NET History Syllabus in Hindi
Candidates who are preparing for the UGC NET history exam in Hindi can check the UGC NET History syllabus in Hindi. The detailed syllabus is given below:
- विषय का नाममहत्वपूर्ण इकाइएं
- विषय का नाम
- महत्वपूर्ण इकाइएं
Unit 1: सूत्रों पर बातचीतपुरातत्विक स्रोत
इकाई 1: सूत्रों पर बातचीत
पुरातत्विक स्रोत
सिंधु/हड़प्पा सभ्यता
- राज्य व्यवस्था का विस्तार
- वैदिक सभ्यता
- वैदिक साम्राज्य तकसाम्राज्य
- उत्तर वैदिक युग
आंध्रदेश में सलंकायन और विष्णुकुंडिन
- ब्राह्मण समाज
- ब्राह्मण समुदाय
- पूर्वी भारतीय संस्कृति
युग 4: मध्यकालीन भारत की विशेषताएँ
युग 4: मध्यकालीन भारत की विशेषताएँ इतिहास का स्रोतमार्ग का उदाहरण
Understanding Educational Theories and Concepts
- Theoretical concepts play a crucial role in shaping educational practices.
- Madhyakalin bharatiya shivaji maharaj dwara svaraaj ki sthapna
- Vijaynagar aur bahamani
- Mughal samraaj ki sthapna
- Bad ke mugal aur mugal samraaj ki vighatan
Unit 5: Prashasan aur arthvyavastha
- Shershah ke prashasanik sudhar
- Dakkan men prashasanik vyavastha
- Dilli sultanat aur mugaloon ke adhin sithant neetiyaan
- Sithant aur mugaloon ke dauran antarrashtriya neetiyaan
Yuniti 6: Samaj aur sanskriti
- Sufi
- Sikh andolon
- Bhakti andolon
- Shiksha, lalit kala ka vikas
Yuneti 7: Adhunik bharatiya samrajya aur samraj
- Adhunik bharatiya rashtravad ki sthiti
- Bharat men british pritishasan
- 1857 ka vidroh
Unit 8: Apaniveshik adhyan, anushandhan, padhdhati aur itihaas
- Krishi ka vistar
- Bharatiya samrajya ka jnm
- Bharat me badlav ka prabhav
- Yuneti 9: Bharatiya rashtrvad k angh swadhesi
- Swadeshi aur parbhutva ka sambandh
- Yuneti 10: Etihasik padhiti, anushandhan, padhhati aur itihas me dayra aur mhatv, nishpakshata aur purvagrah
UGC NET 2024 Syllabus Overview
The UGC NET 2024 syllabus for the English subject has been updated recently. Below is a detailed breakdown of the different units included in the syllabus:
Unit I: Drama
Drama is a significant component of the UGC NET English syllabus, focusing on theatrical works and their analysis.Unit II: Poetry
Poetry forms another crucial part of the syllabus, emphasizing different poetic forms, styles, and interpretations.Unit III: Fiction and Short Story
This unit delves into the realm of fiction and short stories, exploring narrative techniques and storytelling elements.Unit IV: Non-Fiction Prose
Non-fiction prose is a key area covered in the syllabus, encompassing various forms of non-fictional writing.Unit V: Language
Unit V focuses on basic language concepts, theories, pedagogy, and the practical use of English language.Unit VI: English in India
This unit traces the historical evolution of English in India and speculates on its future trends.Unit VII: Cultural Studies
Cultural Studies, added in 2019, explores the interplay between culture, society, and various art forms.Unit VIII: Literary Criticism
Literary Criticism involves the analysis and evaluation of literary works, authors, and critical perspectives.Unit IX: Literary Theory post World War II
This unit delves into literary theories developed after World War II, examining their impact on literature.Unit X: Research Methods and Materials in English
The final unit focuses on research methodologies and available resources for studying English literature.
For candidates preparing for the UGC NET exam in 2024, this syllabus provides a comprehensive guide to the topics that will be covered in the English subject.
Additionally, candidates interested in Political Science can also refer to the provided syllabus for the December cycle of the UGC NET exam.
Political Science Overview
Unit 1: Political Theory
- Political Traditions
- Liberalism
- Conservatism
- Socialism
- Marxism
- Feminism
- Ecologism
- Multiculturalism
- Postmodernism
Unit 2: Political Thought
- Confucius
- Plato
- Aristotle
- Machiavelli
- Hobbes
- Locke
- Rousseau
- Hegel
- Mary Wollstonecraft
- John Stuart Mill
- Karl Marx
- Gramsci
- Hannah Arendt
- Frantz Fanon
- Mao Zedong
- John Rawls
Unit 3: Indian Political Thought
- Dharmashastra
- Kautilya
- Aggannasutta
- Barani
- Kabir
- Pandita Ramabai
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- Swami Vivekanand
- Rabindranath Tagore
- M.K Gandhi
- Sri Aurobindo
- Periyar E. V. Ramasamy
- Muhammad Iqbal
- M.N.Roy
- V D Savarkar
- Dr. B.R.Ambedkar
- J L Nehru
- Ram Manohar Lohia
- Jaya Prakash Narayan
- Deendayal Upadhyaya
Unit 4: Comparative Political Analysis
- Approaches: Institutional, Political Culture, Political Economy and New, Institutionalism; Comparative Methods
- Colonialism and decolonisation: forms of colonialism, anti-colonial struggles and decolonisation
- Nationalism: European and non-European
- State theory: the debate over the nature of the state in capitalist and socialist societies; post-colonial state; welfare state; globalization and nations-states
- Political regimes: democratic (Electoral, Liberal, Majoritarian and Participatory) and non-democratic regimes (Patrimonialism, Bureaucratic authoritarianism, Military dictatorship, Totalitarianism, and fascist)
- Constitutions and Constitutionalism: forms of constitutions, rule of law, judicial independence and liberal constitutionalism; emergency powers and the crisis of constitutionalism
- Democratisation: democratic transition and consolidation
- Development: Underdevelopment, Dependency, Modernization, World Systems, Theory, development and democracy
- Actor and Processes: Electoral Systems, Political Parties, and Party Systems, Interest groups, Social movements, new social movements, Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and civil society campaigns; Revolutions
Also Read: UGC NET Political Science Syllabus
Unit 5: International Relations
- Approaches to the study of International relations: Idealism, Realism, Structuralism, Marxism, Neoliberalism, Neorealism, Social Constructivism, Critical International Theory, Feminism, Postmodernism
- Concepts: State, state system and non-state actors, Power, Sovereignty, Security: traditional and non-traditional
- Conflict and Peace: Changing Nature of Warfare; Weapons of mass destruction; deterrence; conflict resolution, conflict transformation
- United Nations: Aims, Objectives, Structure, and Evaluation of the Working of UN; Peace and Development perspectives; Humanitarian intervention. International law; International Criminal Court
- Political Economy of IR: Globalisation; Global governance and Bretton Woods system, North-South Dialogue, WTO, G-20, BRICS
- Regional Organisations: European Union, African Union, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, ASEAN
- Contemporary Challenges: International terrorism, Climate change and Environmental Concerns, Human Rights, Migration and Refugees; Poverty and Development; Role of Religion, Culture and Identity Politics
Unit 6: India's Foreign Policy
India's foreign policy plays a crucial role in shaping its interactions with the global community. Let's delve into some key aspects:
Historical Context
- Colonial Legacy: India's history of colonial rule significantly influences its foreign policy decisions.
Principles of India's Foreign Policy
- Non-Alignment: India's stance of non-alignment during the Cold War era defined its independent foreign policy.
- Strategic Autonomy: India emphasizes maintaining strategic autonomy in its foreign relations.
Focus Areas
- Neighborhood Policy: India's relations with neighboring countries play a vital role in its foreign policy strategy.
- Global Partnerships: India actively engages in diplomatic relations with various countries worldwide to enhance its international standing.
Key Challenges
- Security Concerns: Addressing security challenges, including border disputes and terrorism, remains a top priority for India.
- Economic Diplomacy: Promoting economic growth through strategic partnerships and trade agreements is a key aspect of India's foreign policy.
In conclusion, India's foreign policy is a dynamic framework that adapts to changing global scenarios while upholding the nation's interests and values.
Perspectives on India's Foreign Policy
- India's Identity as postcolonial, development, rising power, and as an emerging political economy
Continuity and Change in India's Foreign Policy
- Principles and determinants
- Non-Alignment movement: historical background and relevance of Non-Aligned Movement
- India's Nuclear Policy
- India's relations with major powers: USA, USSR/Russia, People's Republic of China
India's Engagement with the Multipolar World
- India's relations with European Union, BRICS, ASEAN, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, African Union, Southern African Development Community, Gulf Cooperation Council
India's Relations with Neighbourhood
- SAARC
- Gujaral doctrine
- Look East/Act East
- Look West
India's Negotiation Strategies in International Regimes
- The United Nations
- World Trade Organization
- International Monetary Fund
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Contemporary Challenges
- Maritime security
- Energy security
- Environmental security
- Migrants and refugees
- Water resources
- International terrorism
- Cybersecurity
Political Institutions in India
- Making of the Indian Constitution: This section explores the colonial heritage and the significant contribution of the Indian National Movement to the formation of the Indian Constitution.
- Constituent Assembly: Discusses the composition, ideological foundations, and the debates that took place during the formation of the Constitution.
- Philosophy of the Constitution: Includes an analysis of the Preamble, Fundamental Rights, and Directive Principles that form the core of the Indian Constitution.
- Constitutionalism in India: Covers aspects such as democracy, social change, national unity, checks and balances, the Basic Structure Debate, and Constitutional Amendments.
- Union Executive: Examines the roles and responsibilities of the President, Prime Minister, and Council of Ministers in the Indian political system.
- Union Parliament: Explores the structure, role, and functioning of the Parliament, including insights into Parliamentary Committees.
- Judiciary: Focuses on the Supreme Court, High Court, Judicial Review, Judicial Activism, and ongoing Judicial Reforms in India.
- Executive and Legislature in the States: Discusses the functions and roles of the Governor, Chief Minister, and State Legislature within the federal structure.
- Federalism in India: Analyzes the Strong Centre Framework, Asymmetrical Federal Provisions and Adaption, the role of Intergovernmental Coordination Mechanisms, Inter-State Council, and Emerging Trends in federal governance.
- Electoral Process and Election Commission of India: Details the conduct of Elections, Rules governing elections, and ongoing Electoral Reforms to ensure a free and fair electoral process.
- Local Government Institutions: Examines the functioning and recent reforms in local governance structures in India.
- Constitutional and Statutory Bodies: Includes an overview of key bodies such as the Comptroller and Auditor General, National Commissions for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Human Rights, Women, and Minorities.
Political Processes in India
Unit 8 delves into the various political processes that shape the Indian political landscape. From elections to governance structures, this unit provides a comprehensive understanding of how politics unfolds in the country.
State, Economy, and Development
- Nature of Indian State
- Development Planning model
- New Economic Policy
- Growth and Human Development
Process of Globalisation
- Social and economic implications
Identity Politics
- Religion
- Tribe
- Caste
- Region
- Language
Social Movements
- Dalit
- Tribal
- Women
- Farmers
- Labor
Civil Society Groups
- Non-Party Social Formations
- Non-Governmental Organisations
- Social Action Groups
Regionalisation of Indian Politics
- Reorganisation of Indian States
- States as Political and Economic Units
- Sub-State Regions
- Regional disparities
- Demand for the New States
Gender and Politics in India
- Issues of Equality and Representation
Ideology and Social Basis of Political Parties
- National Parties
- State Parties
Electoral Politics
- Participation
- Contestation
- Representation
- Emerging trends
Unit 9: Public Administration
Public Administration and Governance in India
Public Administration: Meaning and Evolution
Public administration involves the management of public programs and policies.
Approaches
Includes System Theory, Decision Making, and Ecological Approach.
Public Administration Theories and Concepts
Encompasses Scientific Management Theory, Rational Choice theory, New Public Administration, Development Administration, Comparative Public Administration, New Public Management, and the changing nature of Public Administration in the era of liberalization and globalization.
Theories and Principles of Organization
Consists of Scientific Management Theory, Bureaucratic Theory, and Human Relations Theory.
Managing the Organization
Includes Theories of leadership and motivation.
Organisational Communication
Encompasses Theories and Principles, Chester Bernard Principles of Communication, and Information Management in the organization.
Managing Conflict in the Organization
Strategies such as those proposed by Mary Parker Follett.
Management by Objectives
An approach advocated by Peter Drucker for effective management.
Unit 10: Governance and Public Policy in India
Governance, Good Governance, and Democratic Governance
- The role of the state, civil society, and individuals is crucial in governance.
Accountability and Control
- Institutional mechanisms for checks and balances are essential.
- Legislative control over the executive, administrative and budgetary control are significant aspects.
- Control through parliamentary committees is an important part of the governance process.
- Judicial control over the legislature and executive ensures a balance of power.
- Addressing administrative culture, corruption, and administrative reforms is vital.
Institutional Mechanisms for Good Governance
- Key mechanisms include Right to Information, Consumer Protection Act, and Citizen Charter.
- Grievance redress systems like Ombudsman, Lokpal, and Lokayukta play a crucial role.
Grassroots Governance
- Panchayati Raj Institutions play a significant role in grassroots governance.
Planning and Development
- Decentralized planning and sustainable development are key aspects.
- Participatory development and e-governance contribute to effective planning.
- NITI Aayog plays a crucial role in shaping development policies.
Public Policy as an Instrument of Socio-Economic Development
- Public policies impact areas such as housing, health, drinking water, food security, MNREGA, NHRM, and RTE.
Monitoring and Evaluation of Public Policy
- Mechanisms like jansunwai and social audit ensure accountability in the governance process.
The paper 2 syllabus for NTA UGC NET Computer Science and Application has been provided for candidates to prepare for the upcoming exam.
Computer Science Topics Overview
Unit 1: Discrete Structures and Optimization
- Mathematical Logic
- Sets and Relation
- Graph Theory
- Optimisation
- Counting, Mathematical Induction, and Discrete Probability
Unit 2: Computer System Architecture
- Digital Logic Circuits and Components
- Data Representation
- Basic Computer Organisation and Design
- Register Transfer and Micro Operations
Unit 3: Programming Languages and Computer Graphics
- Language Design and Translation Issue
- Elementary DataTypes
- Object Oriented Programming
- 2-D Geometrical Transforms and Viewing
- 3-D Object Representation, Geometric Transformations, and Viewing
Unit 4: Database Management Systems
- Database System Concepts and Architecture
- SQL
- Data Warehousing and Data Mining
- Normalisation for Relational Databases
- NoSQL
Unit 5: System Software and Operating System
This unit covers essential topics related to system software and operating systems.
Unit 6: System Software
- Basics of Operating Systems
- Threads, CPU Scheduling
- Process Management
- Storage Management
Unit 7: Software Engineering
- Software Process Models
- Software Design
- Estimation and Scheduling of Software Projects
- Software Configuration Management
- Software Quality
Unit 8: Data Structures and Algorithms
- Performance Analysis of Algorithms and Recurrences
- Data Structures
- Graph Algorithms
- Complexity Theory
- Advanced Algorithms
Unit 9: Theory of Computation and Compilers
- Theory of Computation
- Context-Free Language
- Unsolvable Problems and Computational Complexity
- Regular Language Models
- Code Generation and Code Optimization
Unit 10: Data Communication and Computer Networks
- Data Communication
- World Wide Web (WWW)
- Functions of OSI and TCP/IP Layers
- Mobile Technology
- Network Security
Unit 11: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
In the realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a field at the forefront of innovation, a plethora of applications and concepts await exploration. AI encompasses the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, involving tasks such as learning, reasoning, and self-correction. Let's delve into some key areas within Artificial Intelligence:
- Machine Learning: A subfield of AI that focuses on the development of algorithms enabling systems to learn from data and make predictions or decisions.
- Neural Networks: Inspired by the human brain, neural networks are a series of algorithms that recognize underlying relationships in a set of data.
- Natural Language Processing (NLP): Concerned with the interaction between computers and human language, NLP facilitates tasks like language translation and sentiment analysis.
- Computer Vision: This domain enables computers to interpret and understand the visual world, replicating human vision processes.
- Robotics: AI-driven robotics involves the design and creation of robots that can perform tasks autonomously or with minimal human intervention.
The field of Artificial Intelligence continues to evolve rapidly, offering immense potential for transforming various industries and enhancing efficiency across diverse sectors.
UGC NET Economics Syllabus
Unit 1: Micro Economics
- General Equilibrium Analysis
- Theory of Production and Costs
- Factor Pricing
- Decision-making under uncertainty attitude towards risk
- Theory of Consumer Behavior
Unit 2: Macro Economics
- National Income: Concepts and Measurement
- Consumption Function
- Determination of output and employment
- Investment Function
- Inflation and Phillips Curve Analysis
Unit 3: Statistics and Econometrics
- Probability Theory
- Sampling methods & Sampling Distribution
- Linear Regression Models and their properties
- Statistical Inferences, Hypothesis testing
- Descriptive Statistics
Unit 4: Mathematical Economics
The candidates preparing for the UGC NET Economics exam are advised to thoroughly review the syllabus which consists of the following topics:
- Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
- Genetic Algorithms (GA)
- Natural Language Processing
- Knowledge Representation
- Multi-Agent Systems
It is crucial for candidates to have a solid understanding of these topics to excel in the upcoming exam. Good luck with your preparations!
Unit 1: Differential Calculus and its Applications
- Differential Calculus and its Applications
Unit 2: Static Optimization Problems and their applications
- Static Optimization Problems and their applications
Unit 3: Difference and Differential equations with applications
- Difference and Differential equations with applications
Unit 4: Sets, functions and continuity, sequence, series
- Sets, functions and continuity, sequence, series
Unit 5: Linear Algebra - Matrices, Vector Spaces
- Linear Algebra - Matrices, Vector Spaces
Unit 6: International Economics
- International Trade: Basic concepts and analytical tools
- Theories of International Trade
- Trade Policy Issues; GATT, WTO, and Regional Trade Blocks
- International Trade under imperfect competition
- Exchange Rate: Concepts and Theories
Unit 7: Public Economics
- Market Failure and Remedial Measures
- Regulation of Market
- Public Budget and Budget Multiplier
- Public Debt and its management
- Fiscal Policy and its implications
Unit 8: Money and Banking
- Components of Money Supply
- Capital Market and it's Regulation
- Commercial Banking
- Instruments and Working of Monetary Policy
- Non-banking Financial Institutions
Unit 9: Growth and Development Economics
Economic Growth and Economic Development
- Economic Growth and Economic Development
- Theories of Economic Development
- Indicators of Economic Development
- Models of Economic Growth
- Technical progress
Unit 9: Environmental Economics and Demography
- Concepts and Measures: Fertility, Morbidity, Mortality
- Age Structure, Demographic Dividend
- Cost-Benefit Analysis, and Compensation Criteria
- Valuation of Environmental Goods
- Market Failure
Unit 10: Indian Economy
- Economic Growth in India: Pattern and Structure
- Indian Finance Commissions and Centre-State Financial Relations; FRBM
- Reforms in Land, Labour, and Capital Markets
- Poverty, Inequality & Unemployment
- Infrastructure Development
The candidates preparing for the UGC NET Law exam need to review the syllabus to develop a study strategy. The UGC NET Law paper's subject code is 58, encompassing 10 units including Jurisprudence, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Public International Law & IHL, Law of Crimes, Law of Torts & Consumer Protection, and more.
Legal Studies Overview
UNIT – I: Jurisprudence
- Nature and sources of law
- Schools of jurisprudence
- Law and morality
- Concept of rights and duties
- Legal personality
- Concepts of property, ownership, and possession
- Concept of liability
- Law, poverty, and development
- Global justice
- Modernism and post-modernism
UNIT – II: Constitutional And Administrative Law
- Preamble, fundamental rights and duties, directive principles of state
- Union and State executive and their interrelationship
- Union and State legislature and distribution of legislative powers
- Judiciary
- Emergency provisions
- Temporary, transitional and special provisions in respect of certain states
- Election Commission of India
- Nature, scope and importance of administrative law
- Principle of natural justice
- Judicial review of administrative actions
UNIT – III: Public International Law And IHL
- International law – Definition, nature and basis
- Sources of International law
- Recognition of states and governments
- Nationality, immigrants, refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs)
- Extradition and asylum
- United Nations and its organs
- Settlement of international disputes
- World Trade Organization (WTO)
- International humanitarian law (IHL) - Conventions and protocols
- Implementation of IHL - Challenges
UNIT – IV: Law of Crimes
- General principles of criminal liability – Actus reus and mens rea, individual and group liability and constructive liability
UNIT – V: Law of Torts And Consumer Protection
- Nature and definition of tort
UNIT – VI: Commercial Law
- Essential elements of contract and e-contract
UNIT – VII: Family Law
UNIT – VIII: Environment And Human Rights Law
- Meaning and concept of ‘environment’ and ‘environmental pollution’
- Concept and meaning of intellectual property
UNIT – X: Comparative Public Law And Systems of Governance
- Comparative Law – Relevance, methodology, problems and concerns in Comparison
Also Read: UGC NET Law Topper's Interview and Preparation Tips
Detailed Syllabus for Buddha, Jaina, Gandhian, and Peace Studies
- Life of Gautama the Buddha and the Origin of Buddhism (From the birth to Mahāparinirvāṇa and the events that happened thereafter)
- Buddhist Councils (From first to fourth) and the contribution of great emperors Aśoka and Kaṇiṣka to the spread of Buddhism in various regions
- Schools of Buddhism: Theravāda and four Philosophical Schools (Vaibhāṣika, Sautrāntika, Vijñānavāda, and Mādhyamika)
- Pali and Sanskrit Canonical Buddhist Literature (Pāli Tipiṭaka and Sanskrit Vaipulya Sūtras)
- Life and Works of Buddhaghosa, Nāgārjuna, Vasubandhu, and Dharmakīrti
Additional Topics:
- Three modes of Teachings of the Buddha: Sīla, Samādhi, and Prajñā
- (i) Philosophical Concepts: Trilakṣaṇas - Anitya, Duḥkha, and Anātma
- (ii) Noble Truths
Note: The Paper 3 was removed from 2019 onwards, and the subject code for Buddha, Jaina, Gandhian, and Peace Studies is 60.
Mahatma Gandhi
Family Background
Mahatma Gandhi, one of the most prominent figures in India's struggle for independence, was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat.
His father, Karamchand Gandhi, served as the Diwan of Porbandar, and his mother, Putlibai, was a devout and pious woman.
Gandhi's family background was rooted in the values of Hinduism and Jainism, which greatly influenced his principles and beliefs.
Gandhi's Life and Contributions
Early Life and Education
- Details about Gandhi's upbringing in India and England.
Impact of Various Religions
- Discussing the influence of different religions and their scriptures on Gandhi's beliefs.
Gandhi in South Africa
- The origin of Satyagraha and Gandhi's fight against racial discrimination and injustice.
- Highlighting the impact of thinkers such as Leo Tolstoy, John Ruskin, and others on Gandhi.
Foundations of Gandhi's Thought
- Views on social justice, caste system, and untouchability.
- Gandhi's perspective on women's issues and empowerment.
- Explaining Gandhi's principles of truth, non-violence, and Satyagraha.
State and Democracy
- Overview of Panchayat Raj and parliamentary democracy.
- Discussion on human rights, sovereignty, and freedom in Gandhi's ideology.
Fundamentals of Gandhian Economics
- Critique of modern Western civilization and labor-capital relations.
- Emphasis on small-scale cottage industries and sustainable development.
- Explanation of Gandhi's constructive program for economic progress.
Gandhi's Role in Freedom Movement
- Key events like Champaran, Non-Cooperation Movement, and Dandi March.
- Significance of Bardoli and Kheda Satyagrahas in India's freedom struggle.
- Gandhi's participation in Vykom Satyagraha and Quit India Movement.
Gandhi and Partition of India
Peace Studies
- Exploring coercive and non-coercive approaches to peace.
- Analysis of the causes, types, and theories of war.
Major Peace Movements
- Overview of pacifism and civil rights movements.
- Highlighting campaigns for nuclear disarmament by various organizations.
Comprehensive Overview of UGC NET Environmental Science Syllabus
Introduction
The UGC NET exam for Environmental Science (Subject Code 89) is a critical examination that requires thorough preparation. The syllabus is divided into ten units, each covering essential aspects of environmental sciences.
Unit-wise Breakdown of the Syllabus
Unit-I: Fundamentals of Environmental Sciences
Unit-II: Environmental Chemistry
Unit-III: Environmental Biology
Unit-IV: Environmental Geosciences
Unit-V: Energy and Environment
Unit-VI: Environmental Pollution and Control
Unit-VII: Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
Unit-VIII: Environmental Assessment, Management, and Legislation
Unit-IX: Statistical Approaches and Modeling in Environmental Sciences
Unit-X: Contemporary Environmental Issues
Key Topics Covered in the Syllabus
- Green Peace Movement
- The contemporary Global Issues regarding World War and Quest for Peace
- Legacy of Peace Builders: Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King (Jr.), Daisaku Ikeda, and Nelson Mandela
Conflicts
- Concept, Nature, and Causes of Conflicts
- Methods of Conflict Resolution
- Agencies of Conflict Resolution
- UN Peace Keeping
- Peace Building
- Peace Education
- Adjudication
- Role of Shanti Sena
- Track-II Diplomacy
Human Security and Terrorism
- The problem of Terrorism
- Structural and State Violence
For candidates preparing for the UGC NET Environmental Science exam, a deep understanding of these topics is crucial for success.
