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Root Hair Cells

  • Root hairs are elongated, single-celled projections originating from epidermal cells in the root.
  • Their primary function is to penetrate the spaces between soil particles, facilitating the absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
  • Water uptake into root hair cells occurs through osmosis.
  • This process is driven by the higher water potential of soil water compared to the cytoplasm of the root hair cell.

Root Hair Cells | Biology for GCSE/IGCSE - Year 11

  • The root hair greatly amplifies the surface area of the cells.
  • This extensive surface area is crucial because it enhances the speed at which water is absorbed via osmosis and mineral ions are absorbed through active transport.

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What is the primary function of root hair cells?
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FAQs on Root Hair Cells - Biology for GCSE/IGCSE - Year 11

1. How do root hair cells help plants in absorbing water and nutrients?
Ans. Root hair cells have long, thin projections that increase the surface area of the root, allowing for more water and nutrients to be absorbed from the soil.
2. What is the function of root hair cells in a plant?
Ans. The main function of root hair cells is to increase the efficiency of water and nutrient absorption from the soil to support the plant's growth and development.
3. How do root hair cells differ from other plant cells?
Ans. Root hair cells are specialized cells found in the epidermis of plant roots that have long, thin projections to increase surface area, unlike other plant cells that do not have this feature.
4. What factors can affect the growth and development of root hair cells?
Ans. Factors such as soil pH, temperature, moisture levels, and the presence of nutrients can impact the growth and development of root hair cells in plants.
5. Can root hair cells regenerate if damaged or destroyed?
Ans. Root hair cells have the ability to regenerate if damaged or destroyed, allowing the plant to continue absorbing water and nutrients from the soil efficiently.
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