Ionic Bonds & Lattice Structure | Chemistry for GCSE/IGCSE - Class 10 PDF Download

The Lattice Structure of Ionic Compounds

• Ionic compounds have a giant lattice structure
• Lattice structure refers to the arrangement of the atoms of a substance in 3D space
• In lattice structures, the atoms are arranged in an ordered and repeating fashion
• The lattices formed by ionic compounds consist of a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions
• Ionic compounds have a giant lattice structure

Ionic Bonds between Metallic & Non-Metallic Elements

Ionic compounds

• Ionic compounds are created through the reaction of metal and non-metal atoms, resulting in the formation of compounds with no net charge.
• For instance, Magnesium Oxide (MgO) exemplifies an ionic compound.

Explanation

• In the context of magnesium oxide, a Group II metal like Magnesium loses two outer electrons to attain a full outer electron shell.
• Consequently, a positively charged ion with a 2+ charge is produced.
• Oxygen, a Group VI non-metal, requires two electrons for a complete outer shell, leading to the transfer of two electrons from magnesium to oxygen.
• The oxygen atom acquires two electrons, resulting in a negatively charged ion with a 2- charge.
• Magnesium oxide remains electrically neutral overall.
  Formula of ionic compound: Magnesium Oxide (MgO)

Edurev Tip: In dot and cross diagrams, focus solely on depicting the electrons in the outer shell. Ensure to enclose the electron configuration within square brackets and denote the charge for each ion. It's crucial to balance the overall charge to zero, which might necessitate representing multiple positive or negative ions to nullify each other's charges.