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Substances in Water from Natural Sources | Chemistry for GCSE/IGCSE - Class 10 PDF Download

Substances in Water from Natural Sources

  • Water serves various purposes in our daily lives:
    • Domestic applications encompass drinking, cooking, gardening, and overall hygiene.
    • Agricultural utilization involves providing drinking water for livestock and irrigating crops.
    • Industrial functions entail its use as a solvent, coolant, and in the production of steam for electricity generation.
  • Natural water reservoirs, including lakes, rivers, and underground water sources like groundwater, are primary sources of water.
  • Rock formations that hold water are termed aquifers.
  • Water from these natural sources can contain a range of substances:
    • Dissolved oxygen
    • Metal compounds
    • Plastics
    • Sewage
    • Pathogenic microorganisms
    • Nitrates from fertilizers
    • Phosphates from fertilizers and detergents
  • Rainfall can wash various substances into lakes, rivers, or groundwater, contributing to their presence.
  • While some substances occur naturally, many result from human activities.

Question for Substances in Water from Natural Sources
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Which of the following substances can be found in water from natural sources?
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Beneficial & Harmful Substances in Water

  • Some substances in natural water sources are either beneficial or harmful.
  • Beneficial substances:
    • Dissolved oxygen: crucial for aquatic life to thrive.
    • Metal compounds: some offer essential minerals like calcium and magnesium.
  • Potentially harmful substances:
    • Metal compounds: certain types like aluminium and lead are toxic.
    • Some plastics: detrimental to aquatic life by causing issues like entrapment and starvation.
    • Sewage: contains harmful microbes leading to diseases.
    • Nitrate & phosphates from fertilisers: promote excessive aquatic plant growth, resulting in water deoxygenation and harm to aquatic life (eutrophication).

Question for Substances in Water from Natural Sources
Try yourself:
Which substance is crucial for aquatic life to thrive?
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FAQs on Substances in Water from Natural Sources - Chemistry for GCSE/IGCSE - Class 10

1. What are some examples of beneficial substances found in water from natural sources?
Ans. Beneficial substances found in water from natural sources include essential minerals like calcium and magnesium, as well as dissolved oxygen which is crucial for aquatic life.
2. What are some potentially harmful substances that can be present in water from natural sources?
Ans. Potentially harmful substances in water from natural sources can include heavy metals like lead and mercury, as well as pollutants like pesticides and industrial chemicals.
3. How do metal compounds in water from natural sources impact aquatic environments?
Ans. Metal compounds in water can be both beneficial and harmful. While some metals like iron and copper are essential nutrients for aquatic organisms, others like lead and cadmium can be toxic and disrupt ecosystems.
4. What are some key factors that determine the quality of water from natural sources?
Ans. Essential aquatic environmental factors that determine water quality include dissolved oxygen levels, pH, temperature, and the presence of pollutants and contaminants.
5. How can the presence of harmful substances in water from natural sources be mitigated or reduced?
Ans. The presence of harmful substances in water can be reduced through proper waste management practices, regular monitoring and testing of water quality, and implementing regulations to limit pollution and contamination.
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