IGCSE Year 10 > Year 10 Notes > Chemistry for GCSE/ > Treatment of Domestic Water
Treatment of Domestic Water
Water supply
- Water is sourced from rivers, reservoirs, or subterranean water bodies like groundwater.
- An aquifer refers to a geological formation capable of storing water.
Water Treatment
- Raw water contains both soluble and insoluble impurities.
- Insoluble impurities consist of soil, plant fragments, and organic matter.
- Soluble impurities include dissolved calcium, metallic compounds, and various inorganic pollutants.
- Water is directed into sedimentation tanks where it remains stationary for several hours.
- Sedimentation occurs as gravity causes mud, sand, and other particles to settle at the tank's bottom, forming a sediment layer.
- Filtration involves passing water through layers of sand and gravel filters to capture smaller particles.
- Additionally, water can be filtered through activated carbon, typically in charcoal form, to eliminate tastes and odors.
- Chlorination is employed to eradicate bacteria and microorganisms that cannot be trapped by filters.
- Chlorine is carefully added to the water to kill harmful bacteria and microorganisms.
- Untreated water consumption can lead to bacterial infections such as cholera and typhoid.
- Diagram showing the stages in the treatment of water:
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONTry yourself: What is the purpose of chlorination in the water treatment process?
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FAQs on Treatment of Domestic Water
| 1. How does water treatment help improve the quality of domestic water? |  |
Ans. Water treatment helps remove impurities, contaminants, and bacteria from domestic water, making it safe for consumption and use in households.
| 2. What are the common methods used in water treatment for domestic water? | |
Ans. Common methods used in water treatment for domestic water include filtration, disinfection (such as chlorination), sedimentation, and coagulation.
| 3. How often should domestic water undergo treatment? | |
Ans. Domestic water should undergo treatment regularly, depending on factors such as the source of water, the presence of contaminants, and the level of usage.
| 4. What are the potential health risks associated with consuming untreated domestic water? | |
Ans. Consuming untreated domestic water can lead to waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and dysentery due to the presence of harmful bacteria and contaminants.
| 5. Can individuals install water treatment systems in their homes for domestic water? | |
Ans. Yes, individuals can install water treatment systems such as water filters, UV purifiers, and reverse osmosis systems in their homes to ensure the quality and safety of their domestic water supply.
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Apr 29, 2026 Last updated
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