Computer Controlled Systems | IGCSE Information and Communication Technology Preparation - Year 11 PDF Download

Computer Controlled Systems

• Definition: Computer controlled systems utilize computers and software to oversee, regulate, and manage processes, machinery, or equipment. The efficiency of these systems relies on the quality of the software, hardware, and input data.
• Examples:
  • Robotics in Manufacture: This involves automating production procedures with the help of robots, leading to enhanced efficiency, accuracy, and productivity.
  • Production Line Control: This entails supervising and governing assembly lines using computer systems, ensuring quality control and minimizing human errors.
  • Autonomous Vehicles: Such as self-driving cars and drones guided by computer algorithms, these vehicles boost safety, decrease traffic congestion, and improve fuel efficiency.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Computer Controlled Systems

Computer-controlled systems offer numerous benefits and drawbacks in various domains. Let's delve into the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing computer-controlled robots over human labor specifically in constructing the lens for the new space telescope of the European Space Agency.

Advantages

• Increased Efficiency and Productivity: Computer-controlled systems can operate continuously, 24/7, without the need for breaks or rest, leading to increased efficiency and productivity in various industries.
• Greater Precision and Accuracy: These systems are capable of executing tasks with high precision and accuracy, as they follow programmed instructions meticulously, minimizing errors and deviations from desired outcomes.
• Ability to Operate in Hazardous Environments: Computer-controlled systems can be deployed in hazardous environments where human presence is unsafe or impractical, such as deep-sea exploration, nuclear reactors, or space exploration.
• Reduced Human Error and Fatigue: By automating tasks, computer-controlled systems reduce the risk of human error and fatigue, resulting in more consistent and reliable performance over extended periods.
• Can Work with Large or Delicate Items: These systems are capable of handling large, heavy items or delicate materials with precision and care, ensuring efficient processing or manipulation without risk of damage or injury.

Disadvantages

• High Initial Investment and Maintenance Costs: Implementing computer-controlled systems often requires significant initial investment in technology infrastructure and equipment. Additionally, ongoing maintenance costs can be substantial, including software updates, hardware upgrades, and system troubleshooting.
• Job Displacement for Human Workers: Automation through computer-controlled systems may lead to job displacement for human workers, particularly in industries where manual labor is replaced by automated processes. This can result in unemployment and require retraining or reskilling for displaced workers.
• Dependency on Reliable Software and Hardware: Computer-controlled systems rely heavily on reliable software and hardware components. Any malfunction or failure in the system's components can disrupt operations, leading to downtime, loss of productivity, and potential safety risks.
• Lack of Flexibility and Adaptability to Unexpected Situations: Computer-controlled systems may lack the flexibility and adaptability needed to respond effectively to unexpected situations or changes in operating conditions. These systems typically follow predefined algorithms and instructions, making it challenging to handle unforeseen circumstances.
• Requires Costly Backup Systems: To mitigate the risks of system failures and ensure continuity of operations, computer-controlled systems often require costly backup systems and redundancy measures. These backup systems add to the overall cost of implementation and maintenance.