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Properties of Solids, Liquids & Gases
The Three States of Matter
Solids
- Solids have a definite shape and volume, meaning they maintain their shape and size under normal conditions.
- They cannot flow and are not compressible.
Liquids
- Liquids do not have a definite shape but have a definite volume, adapting to the shape of their container.
- They can flow and take the shape of the container, but they cannot be compressed.
Gases
- Gases have neither a definite shape nor volume.
- They expand to fill the available space and are highly compressible.
Changes of State
When a substance undergoes a change of state, the number of molecules remains constant, preserving the mass. The primary factor that changes during a state transition is the energy of the substance. These changes are reversible.
- During a change of state, the energy of the substance is altered.
- Changes of state are considered physical changes since they can be reversed.
Melting & Freezing
- Melting is the process in which a solid transitions into a liquid state. For example, when ice melts into water.
- Freezing occurs when a liquid transforms into a solid form.
Boiling and Condensing
- Boiling is the process in which a liquid transforms into a gas, also known as evaporating.
- Condensing is when a gas changes into a liquid.
Question for States of MatterTry yourself: Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?View Solution
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Sep 11, 2025
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