Our Body Chapter Notes | EVS for Class 2 PDF Download

A number of organs in our body are connected together to do a particular kind of work. This is known as organ system. Our organs are mainly of 2 types - internal and external.

Internal Organs

Internal organs, located within the body, are not visible from the outside. They comprise essential structures such as the heart, brain, liver, kidneys, and others. It cannot be seen from the outside. 

• Parts of our body
• Are not directly visible to us

Internal organs include the following parts of our body: brain, heart, stomach, bones, joints, muscles.

Functions of Internal Organs

1. Brain

   • Brain is placed inside our skull
   • Control all body parts and organs.
     
     

2. Heart

   • Heart pumps blood inside our body
   • It is made up of muscles.
     

3. Stomach

   • Help to digest the food
   • Converts food into energy
     
4. Lungs
   • Lungs are baglike organs, or body parts, used for breathing.
   • A body has two lungs, one on each side of the chest. 
     
     

External Organs

Body parts, which are visible externally, are called external organs. Hair, eyes, ears, nose, teeth, skin, hands and legs are external body organs.

1. Head
   • It is the top-most part of the body.
   • It is very hard.
2. Neck
   • The neck joins the head to the rest of our body.
   • It enables us to move our head in different directions.
3. Chest
   • The chest is the front part of our body.
4. Upper Limbs
   • We have two upper limbs called hands.
   • Hands enable us to write, hold, pick up, make and throw things.

Sensory Organs

These are parts of our body (such as our eyes, ears, nose, or tongue) that we use to see, hear, smell, taste, or feel things.

1. Eyes
   • Eyes are the sense organs of the human body. They are located on the head. Every human being has 2 eyes. 
   • We see different things around us with the help of our eyes. Without eyes we cannot see anything.
     
2. Ears
   • Ears are the sense organs of the human body. They are located on each side of the head part of the body. Every human being has 2 ears.
   • We can hear different types of sounds with the help of ears. Without ears, we cannot hear anything.
     
3. Nose
   • Nose is a sense organ. It is also located on the head part of the body. 
   • Nose helps us to breathe and smell.  Every human being has one nose.
     
4. Tongue
   • Tongue is the sense organ of the human body. It is present inside the mouth. 
   • Every human being has one tongue. Tongue helps us to taste different food items.
     
5. Skin
   • Skin is the sense organ of the human body. Skin is present all over the body. 
   • It protects us from the external environment and germs. Skin gives us the sense of touch.
     

Some common body movements

(i) Drawing

• Elbow
• Wrist
• Knee
• Ankle
• Hip

(ii) Dancing

• Wrist
• Elbow
• Fingers
• Knee
• Neck

(iii) Kicking a football

• Hip
• Knee
• Ankle
• Toes
  

(iv) Lawn Mowing

• Elbow
• Knee
• Ankle
• Fingers
• Wrist
  

(v) Walking

• Wrist
• Elbow
• Neck
• Knee
  

(vi) Studying

• Knee
• Ankle
• Elbow
• Neck