In-Depth- The Antarctic Treaty | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

Introduction

• The Antarctic continent is vast, with extreme weather conditions and a unique ecosystem.
• Discovery and exploration of Antarctica were hindered by its remoteness and harsh environment.

Antarctica Treaty System

• Emerged from concerns over territorial claims in the early 20th century.
• Established in 1959, the Antarctic Treaty promotes peace, science, and conservation.
• Regulates international relations in Antarctica, ensuring it remains a scientific preserve.
• India became a signatory in 1983, committing to the treaty's principles.

Current Relevance

• Challenges to the treaty include environmental issues, resource disputes, and geopolitical tensions.
• Antarctica faces increased accessibility, raising concerns about resource exploitation.
• Environmental damage is caused by global warming, fishing, tourism, and other factors.
• Tensions persist among signatories, like Argentina and the UK, due to territorial disputes.

Conclusion

• The Antarctic Treaty exemplifies global cooperation for environmental preservation.
• Adaptation through additional agreements has strengthened the treaty over time.
• Collaboration among stakeholders is vital for the treaty's success and environmental protection.
• Public awareness and education are crucial for promoting Antarctica's conservation and the treaty's significance.