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How do ecosystems work? | Year 4 Science PDF Download

What is an ecosystem?

  • An ecosystem consists of animals, plants, and microorganisms living together.
  • Each group of similar living things is known as a community, and their living area is called a habitat.
  • For example, in a woodland habitat, there are communities of rabbits and foxes. These communities, along with all other living things in the area, form the ecosystem.

How do ecosystems work? | Year 4 Science

Examples of ecosystems and how they change

  • An ecosystem is made up of a community of animals, plants, and microorganisms, along with their habitat.
  • For instance, a pond ecosystem includes a pond habitat with aquatic plants, microorganisms in the mud, fish in the water, and a heron on the bank.
  • Some ecosystems, such as coral reefs, rainforests, and woodlands, have numerous communities of living things. Others, like deserts and polar regions, have far fewer.
  • Changes to one organism in an ecosystem can impact others. For example, if all the foxes in a habitat are eliminated, the rabbit population might increase rapidly. Similarly, if all the fish in a pond are caught, the heron would have to leave to find food elsewhere. Thus, all populations in an ecosystem are interdependent.

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FAQs on How do ecosystems work? - Year 4 Science

1. How do ecosystems function?
Ans. Ecosystems function as a complex network of interactions between living organisms and their environment. This includes the flow of energy and nutrients, as well as the cycling of matter through various biotic and abiotic components.
2. What are the key components of an ecosystem?
Ans. The key components of an ecosystem include producers (plants), consumers (animals), decomposers (fungi, bacteria), as well as abiotic factors such as sunlight, water, soil, and air.
3. How do living organisms in an ecosystem depend on each other?
Ans. Living organisms in an ecosystem depend on each other for food, shelter, reproduction, and other resources. This interdependence helps maintain a balance within the ecosystem.
4. What is the importance of biodiversity in ecosystems?
Ans. Biodiversity in ecosystems is important as it increases ecosystem resilience, productivity, and stability. It also provides a variety of goods and services that are essential for human well-being.
5. How do human activities impact ecosystems?
Ans. Human activities such as deforestation, pollution, overfishing, and climate change can disrupt ecosystems, leading to loss of biodiversity, habitat destruction, and ecosystem degradation. It is important to implement sustainable practices to minimize these impacts.
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