What are metaphors and similes? | Year 4 English PDF Download

Metaphors

A metaphor is a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isn't literally true, but helps make a comparison more vivid.

• A metaphor suggests that one thing is another different thing.
• For example: "A wave of terror washed over him."
• This phrase doesn't mean that terror is literally a wave, but it vividly illustrates the intensity of the feeling.
• Another example: "Jess is dynamite."
• This doesn't mean Jess is explosive but rather conveys how dynamic or exciting she is.

Similes

A simile is a figure of speech that directly compares two different things using the words "like" or "as".

• A simile establishes a comparison between two things for descriptive purposes.
• For instance: "The snake moved like a ripple on a pond."
• Or: "It was as green as a lizard."
• And: "Jess is as graceful as a gazelle."

Spotting Metaphors and Similes

Metaphors and similes are used to make comparisons in writing or speech. They help create vivid imagery and enhance the reader's or listener's understanding.

Similes

Similes compare two different things using the words 'like' or 'as'. They help to paint a picture in the mind of the audience.

• The sun was 'like a giant egg yolk'.
• The creature was 'as big as an oil tanker'.

Metaphors

Metaphors directly state that one thing is another. They create a direct comparison without using 'like' or 'as'.

• The water 'foamed and boiled'.