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Reflection of Sound

  • Definition: Reflection of sound waves is known as an echo.
  • Example: When sound waves hit a wall, some are absorbed and some reflect back, creating an echo.
  • Impact of Environment: Empty rooms amplify echoes; soft furnishings like carpets reduce echo effects.

Using Echoes to Measure Speed of Sound

  • Equation: Speed of sound (v) = Distance (d) / Time (t)
  • Example Calculation:
    • If echo heard in 2 seconds, and distance to wall is 340 meters, total distance traveled = 680 meters.
    • Calculation: Echoes | Year 7 Physics (Cambridge)
  • Calculating Distance Using Echoes: Distance (d) = Speed (v) × Time (t)

Echoes | Year 7 Physics (Cambridge)

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Ultrasound

  • Definition: Sound waves above 20,000 Hz, beyond human hearing range.
  • Animal Use: Bats use echolocation (emitting and detecting ultrasound echoes) for navigation and hunting.
  • Medical Use: Ultrasound imaging in medicine uses echoes to visualize internal organs, such as imaging a baby in the womb.
  • Marine Use: Ships use sonar (ultrasound echoes) for underwater navigation, calculating distances to objects like the seabed.

Question for Echoes
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What is the term used to describe sound waves above 20,000 Hz?
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Conclusion

Understanding echoes and ultrasound is crucial in various fields, from animal navigation to medical diagnostics and maritime navigation.

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