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Great Expectations: Plot Summary (CIE IGCSE English Literature)

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Plot Summary

One of the most crucial aspects of exam preparation is to thoroughly understand the plot of Great Expectations. This knowledge allows you to connect key events to broader themes, enhancing your ability to provide insightful responses during the exam. A deep comprehension of the text empowers you to confidently reference relevant sections to bolster your arguments.

Great Expectations:Summary - Year 9

Pip's Background

  • Pip Pirrip resides in the marshlands with his sister and brother-in-law Joe Gargery, a village blacksmith.

Encounter with the Convict

  • While visiting the graveyard, Pip meets an escaped convict who coerces him to steal provisions, leaving Pip guilt-ridden.

Relationship with Estella

  • Pip is introduced to Estella by Miss Havisham, developing unrequited feelings despite Estella's disdain for him.

Aspiration for Gentility

  • Driven by his infatuation for Estella and a desire to rise above his humble origins, Pip aspires to become a gentleman.

Summary of Great Expectations

  • Pip's Early Life:
    • Pip encounters an escaped convict who influences him to steal, leading to guilt and inner conflict.
    • Despite his humble beginnings and plans to be a blacksmith, Pip aspires to become a gentleman due to his love for Estella.
  • Changes in Pip's Life:
    • Following a family tragedy, Pip's life takes a dramatic turn when he learns of his 'great expectations' and leaves for London.
    • Guided by Herbert Pocket's family, Pip learns the manners of a gentleman but also becomes snobbish and extravagant.
  • Revelations and Challenges:
    • Pip discovers that his secret benefactor is Magwitch, the convict he once helped, who has prospered in Australia.
    • Despite his affection for Estella, Pip faces heartbreak as she grows closer to another man, Bentley Drummle.

Pip's Transformation and Tragic Revelations

  • Settling in London with Herbert Pocket: Initially finding guidance under Herbert Pocket's father, Pip gradually adapts to a gentleman's etiquette.
  • Extravagance and Snobbery: Pip's immersion in a lavish lifestyle leads to overt extravagance and snobbish behavior.
  • Embarrassment with Joe's Visit: Feeling ashamed and embarrassed during a visit from Joe, his humble past contrasts sharply with his current circumstances.
  • Estella's Closeness to Drummle: Distressed by Estella's growing proximity to Bentley Drummle, a young aristocrat, Pip's affection for her remains unrequited.

Revelation of a Secret Benefactor

  • Magwitch's Return: Magwitch, the convict Pip aided as a child, resurfaces as Pip's clandestine benefactor, revealing his prosperity in Australia.
  • Disappointment and Realization: Pip's disillusionment unfolds as he discovers the true identity of his benefactor, Miss Havisham's lack of involvement, and Estella's marriage to Drummle.

Pip's Compassion and Tragic End

  • Empathy for Magwitch: Despite initial disdain for Magwitch's criminal past, Pip empathizes with his hardships, especially upon learning of his deception by Compeyson.
  • Escape Plan: Collaborating with Herbert, Pip orchestrates a plan to smuggle Magwitch out of England on a boat bound for Hamburg, evading capture.
  • Unfortunate Outcome: Despite their efforts and evading attacks, Magwitch is apprehended by authorities after a fatal altercation with Compeyson, leading to his tragic demise in prison.

Plot Summary of Great Expectations

  • Pip's Illness and Reconciliation: Pip falls seriously ill and is cared for by Joe, prompting him to return to the marshes to seek forgiveness for his past ingratitude. He intends to propose to Biddy but discovers she is already married to Joe after Mrs. Joe's death.
  • Pip's Journey Abroad: Feeling remorseful, Pip decides to work abroad for his friend Herbert for eleven years. Upon his return to England, he finds Joe and Biddy happily married with two children.
  • Visits and Discoveries: Pip visits Miss Havisham's old residence to find it destroyed, symbolizing the passing of time and change. He encounters Estella, now a widow, in the garden.
  • Reunion and Closure: The story concludes with Pip and Estella leaving the garden together, hand in hand, hinting at a newfound connection and potential for a shared future.
  • Introduction
    • Pip's Encounter with an Escaped Prisoner

      Pip, a young orphan in Kent, encounters an escaped prisoner on Christmas Eve in 1812. The prisoner coerces Pip into providing him with food and a file under threat of harm. In a bid to please the convict, Pip steals the necessary items from his family.

    • Assistance with Capturing Convicts

      Pip and his guardian Joe assist in capturing a different escaped convict, leading to the exoneration of Pip from any wrongdoing by the unnamed convict Pip had initially encountered.

    • Introduction to Miss Havisham

      Several years later, the reclusive Miss Havisham, assisted by Mr Pumblechook, selects Pip to visit her. This visit sparks Pip's fascination with Estella, Miss Havisham's adopted daughter.

  • Development of Relationships
    • Estella and Pip's Interactions

      As Pip visits Miss Havisham regularly, he develops strong feelings for Estella. Their relationship grows as Estella allows Pip to kiss her as a reward for his actions.

    • Miss Havisham's Influence

      Miss Havisham supports Pip by providing him with funds for a blacksmithing apprenticeship. However, tensions arise due to Dolge Orlick's animosity towards Pip and Mrs Joe.

    • Tragic Events

      A tragic incident leaves Mrs Joe incapacitated, prompting Biddy, Pip's former teacher, to assist in caring for her. This event marks a significant turning point in Pip's life.

  • Transformation and Revelation
    • News of Benefactor

      Four years into his apprenticeship, Pip learns from Mr Jaggers, a lawyer, about his anonymous benefactor who enables his transition into a gentleman.

    • Visit to Miss Havisham

      Prior to his departure for London, Pip visits Miss Havisham, presuming her to be his benefactor, marking a crucial moment in his journey of self-discovery.

  • Volume II - Chapters 20 - 39

    This section delves deeper into Pip's evolving relationships, personal growth, and the unfolding of his expectations and reality as he navigates the complexities of his changing circumstances.

  • Volume II - Pip's London Adventures
    • Jaggers accompanies Pip to London, where he introduces him to Herbert Pocket.
    • Pip recognizes Herbert as the boy he had a scuffle with at Satis House years ago.
    • During their time together, Herbert shares the tragic story of Miss Havisham's former fiancé.
    • Joe visits Pip, delivering a message from Miss Havisham regarding Estella's upcoming visit.
    • Upon meeting Estella again, Pip receives encouragement from Miss Havisham but is perturbed by Orlick working for her.
    • Pip confides in Herbert about his feelings for Estella, despite Herbert being engaged to Clara.
    • Estella is sent to Richmond for societal integration, while Pip and Herbert find themselves accumulating debts.
    • Pip returns to the marshes for Mrs. Joe's funeral and with Wemmick's help, secures Herbert a position with Clarriker's.
    • During a visit to Satis House with Estella, a conflict erupts between Estella and Miss Havisham.
    • Pip is angered when Drummle toasts Estella and later warns her about Drummle's intentions.
    • On Pip's 23rd birthday, he learns that Abel Magwitch, a wealthy benefactor from Australia, is his secret patron.
    • Despite being prohibited from returning to England, Magwitch resolves to visit Pip.
  • Volume III - Unfolding Events
    • Pip's life takes a dramatic turn as he grapples with newfound revelations and challenges.
    • Relationship dynamics among Pip, Estella, and others undergo significant shifts.
    • The consequences of past actions and decisions come to the forefront, impacting Pip's present and future.
    • Moral dilemmas and personal growth themes are explored as characters navigate complex circumstances.
    • The narrative delves deeper into themes of identity, social class, and the consequences of ambition.
    • Expect the unexpected as twists and turns shape the characters' fates and relationships.
    • The climax builds towards a resolution that promises to unveil the true nature of characters' destinies.
    • Themes of forgiveness, redemption, and self-discovery resonate as the story reaches its conclusion.
Volume II - Pip's London AdventuresVolume III - Unfolding Events
Jaggers accompanies Pip to London, where he introduces him to Herbert Pocket.Pip's life takes a dramatic turn as he grapples with newfound revelations and challenges.
Pip recognizes Herbert as the boy he had a scuffle with at Satis House years ago.Relationship dynamics among Pip, Estella, and others undergo significant shifts.
During their time together, Herbert shares the tragic story of Miss Havisham's former fiancé.The consequences of past actions and decisions come to the forefront, impacting Pip's present and future.
Joe visits Pip, delivering a message from Miss Havisham regarding Estella's upcoming visit.Moral dilemmas and personal growth themes are explored as characters navigate complex circumstances.
Upon meeting Estella again, Pip receives encouragement from Miss Havisham but is perturbed by Orlick working for her.The narrative delves deeper into themes of identity, social class, and the consequences of ambition.
Pip confides in Herbert about his feelings for Estella, despite Herbert being engaged to Clara.Expect the unexpected as twists and turns shape the characters' fates and relationships.
Estella is sent to Richmond for societal integration, while Pip and Herbert find themselves accumulating debts.The climax builds towards a resolution that promises to unveil the true nature of characters' destinies.
Pip returns to the marshes for Mrs. Joe's funeral and with Wemmick's help, secures Herbert a position with Clarriker's.Themes of forgiveness, redemption, and self-discovery resonate as the story reaches its conclusion.
During a visit to Satis House with Estella, a conflict erupts between Estella and Miss Havisham.
Pip is angered when Drummle toasts Estella and later warns her about Drummle's intentions.
On Pip's 23rd birthday, he learns that Abel Magwitch, a wealthy benefactor from Australia, is his secret patron.
Despite being prohibited from returning to England, Magwitch resolves to visit Pip.

Great Expectations: Plot Summary

  • Pip's Decision to Stop Taking Magwitch's Money
    Pip decides to stop taking Magwitch's money and collaborates with Herbert to devise a plan to help Magwitch escape the country.
  • Magwitch's Revelations about His Past
    During their interactions, Magwitch shares his painful past with Pip, disclosing that the escaped convict Pip encountered earlier was Compeyson, the fraudster who had wronged Miss Havisham.
  • Pip's Disappointment with Estella's Plans
    Pip's visit to Estella at Satis House ends in dismay when she informs him of her intentions to marry Drummle, leaving Pip heartbroken.
  • Warnings and Deception
    Wemmick cautions Pip about Compeyson's pursuit, and Pip receives insights from Miss Havisham regarding Estella's upbringing and a monetary gift to secure Herbert's employment.
  • Tragic Events
    An unsuccessful attempt to save Miss Havisham from a fire leads Pip to realize Estella's true lineage, a fact he is advised by Jaggers to keep to himself.
  • Danger and Rescue
    Tricked into a perilous situation by an anonymous letter, Pip faces capture by Orlick but is ultimately saved by Herbert.
  • The Confrontation
    A showdown between Magwitch and Compeyson results in serious injuries to Magwitch and the latter's demise, leading to Magwitch's arrest.
  • Revelations and Reconciliation
    Pip visits Magwitch in his final moments, exposing the truth about Estella and later facing troubled times before being assisted by Joe.
  • Resolutions and Farewells
    After failed romantic pursuits, Pip reconciles with Joe and Biddy, embarks on a new journey to Cairo, and eventually reunites with Estella after life's trials.

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