Notes: Sports | GK Olympiad for Class 5 PDF Download

Introduction

• Games and sports are very important for keeping us healthy and fit for work.
• They help us stay strong, active, and fresh, and they also teach us how to work together and follow the rules.
• Playing games fosters a sense of brotherhood and national unity.
• Moreover, games and sports are crucial for the development of both our bodies and minds.
• Remember the saying, "A healthy mind lives in a healthy body"? Well, games help keep our bodies fit and active, which in turn benefits our minds.

Types of Games

• Indoor Games: Indoor games are those that we can play inside rooms or halls. Some common examples include cards, carrom, ludo, and chess. These games are great for practising mental skills and helping our brains grow and develop.
• Outdoor Games: Outdoor games are played in open spaces like playgrounds. Examples include hockey, cricket, tennis, and kho-kho. These games help us improve our physical health and also enhance our mental coordination.

Some popular sports are:

Traditional Games in India

Many traditional outdoor games like kabaddi, marbles, gilli danda, pitthoo, hopscotch, and tug of war, as well as indoor games like hide and seek, pallankuzhi, gutte, spinning top, and antakshari, are not played by the current generation as much as before.

The main organization responsible for overseeing sports in India is the Sports Authority of India.

Importance of Sports and Games

• Sports and games are very important in our lives.
• They give our bodies the best kind of exercise.
• Games and sports not only refresh our minds but also help with digestion.
• They keep students active and energized.
• Sports and games teach students the importance of discipline.
• They are a great way to have fun and relax.
• Sports and games help students regain their lost energy.
• They make us more energetic and active.
• Participating in sports and games also helps in developing leadership skills.

Sports Terms

There are some terms which are specific to particular sports. Some of the specific sports terms are:

Sports Personalities

• Sachin Tendulkar: He is a famous cricket player who has scored 100 centuries in his career. He is the only athlete to receive the ‘Bharat Ratna award and is called ‘The God of Cricket.’
  

• Dipa Karmakar: She is the first Indian woman gymnast to win a bronze medal at the Commonwealth Games. She is one of only five women who have completed the difficult move called the ‘Vault of Death.’
  

• M.C. Mary Kom: She is a boxer who has won a medal in every one of the seven world championships she has participated in.
  

• Rohit Sharma: He has set the record for hitting the most centuries in a single World Cup tournament.
  

• Milkha Singh: He is known as the ‘Flying Sikh.’
  

• Saina Nehwal: She is the first Indian to win a medal in badminton at the Olympics.

• Abhinav Bindra: In the 2008 Beijing Olympics, he became the first Indian to win an individual gold medal in shooting.
  

• P.V. Sindhu: She has won many medals in badminton competitions, including a gold medal at the 2019 World Championships.

• Pullela Gopichand: He is a badminton player who has played for India in three Thomas Cup tournaments.
  

• Viswanathan Anand: He became India’s first chess grandmaster when he was only 20 years old. He was the first to win the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna, the highest award in Indian chess.
  

• Khashaba Dadasaheb Jadhav: He was an Indian wrestler who won a bronze medal at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. He was the first athlete from independent India to win an individual Olympic medal.

• Muhammad Ali: He was an American boxer known as a ‘Cultural Icon.’ In 1999, he was named the “Sportsman of the Century” by Sports Illustrated. He won the World Heavyweight Boxing Championship three times.

• Roger Federer: He is a Swiss tennis player and one of the best tennis players ever, having won 20 Grand Slam singles titles.
  

• Michael Jeffrey Jordan: He is a former American basketball player and businessman, known as one of the greatest basketball players in history.

• Pele: He is considered the greatest football player ever for his amazing achievements and contributions to the sport. He won the FIFA World Cup three times in 1958, 1962, and 1966.
  

• Magnus Carlsen: He is a chess player from Norway who became a grandmaster at just 13 years old. He defeated Viswanathan Anand to become the world champion.
  

• Emanuel Lasker: He was a German chess player, mathematician, and philosopher. He was the World Chess Champion for 27 years, from 1894 to 1921, which is the longest reign in chess history.

Sports Field and Equipment

Different sports are played in different types of areas. Here are the names of the grounds or fields used for some popular games:

• Athletics: Track & Field
• Badminton: Court
• Boxing: Ring
• Basketball: Court
• Cricket: Field
• Football: Field
• Golf: Course
• Hockey: Field
• Tennis: Court
• Wrestling: Ring / Arena

The equipment and fields used in different sports can be represented as:

Cricket

Important Tournaments

National

• Irani Trophy
• Ranji Trophy
• Vijay Merchant Trophy
• Rani Jhansi Trophy
• Indira Priyadarshini Trophy
• Vijay Hazare Trophy

International

• Ashes Cup
• ICC Trophy
• Champions Trophy
• Sharjah Cup
• Benson and Hedges Cup
• Hero Cup
• Reliance Cup
• Pepsi Cup
• World Legends Cup
• World Cup
• T20 World Cup
• Coca Cola Trophy

Football

Important Tournaments

National

• Women Federation Cup
• Durand Cup
• Begum Hazrat Mahal Cup
• Santosh Trophy
• Rajiv Gandhi Gold Cup
• Subroto Cup

International

• FIFA Cup
• UEFA Cup
• Asia Cup
• International Nehru Cup
• Pacific Cup
• Euro Cup
• Colombo Cup

Hockey

Important Tournaments

National

• Indira Gold Cup
• Beighton Cup
• Dhyanchand Trophy
• Azlan Shah Cup
• Aga Khan Cup
• Scindia Gold Cup
• Bombay Gold Cup
• Modi Gold Cup
• Prime Minister Gold Cup
• Samaranch Hockey Cup
• M.C.C. Cup
• K.D. Singh Babu Memorial Trophy
• Junior Nehru Hockey Trophy
• Rangaswami Cup (Women)
• Federation Cup (Women)
• Lady Ratan Tata Cup (Women)

International

• World Hockey Cup (Men and Women)
• Junior World Cup Hockey
• Olympic Games
• Champions Cup
• Asian Champions Trophy
• European Championship
• Asia Cup
• Hero Honda Cup
• Wellington Cup

Did You Know?

• Pather Panchali is often regarded as the greatest film ever produced in India.
• The Arjuna Award is bestowed to honor exceptional achievements in national sports.
• The Dronacharya Award recognizes remarkable coaching skills imparted to athletes.

Facts

• India clinched the inaugural T20 World Cup in 2007, held in South Africa.
• Australia is the only nation to have triumphed in the One Day International World Cup three times in a row.
• India has secured the ICC World Cup title twice, in 1983 and 2011.
• India has achieved victory in the Hockey World Cup (Men) only once, which was in 1975.