The Sikh Misls | Punjab State (PPSC) PSC: Preparation - PPSC PCS (Punjab) PDF Download

Introduction

The term "Misl" in Punjabi refers to an alliance. Sikh Misls hold significant importance in Sikh history as they laid the groundwork for the Sikh Empire.

In January 1748, Ahmad Shah Abdali, the founder of the Durrani Empire, launched attacks on India, targeting the weakened Mughal Empire. During this tumultuous period, the entire Khalsa united to form a single body known as the Dal Khalsa. Initially, Jassa Singh Ahluwalia and Nawab Kapur Singh served as the joint supreme commanders of the Dal Khalsa. Over time, the Sikhs began to organize themselves into various Misls or confederacies. There were twelve Misls in total, and each Sikh had the freedom to join any Misl, as they were all considered equal.

Overview of Prominent Misls and Their Founders

The Misls were a collection of Sikh confederacies that emerged in the 18th century, following the decline of Mughal authority in Punjab. Each Misl was led by a Jat Sikh chief and was characterized by its own military and administrative structure. Here’s a brief overview of some of the prominent Misls and their founders:

Bhangi or Bhuma Misl. Founded by Hari Singh Bhangi, this Misl was known for its military prowess and control over significant territories.

• Karor Singhia Misl: Led by Sardar Karor Singh, this Misl was recognized for its strong leadership and territorial influence.
• Nikai Misl: Founded by Sardar Hira Singh Nikai, this Misl played a crucial role in the regional power dynamics of Punjab.
• Ahluwalia Misl: Established by Sardar Sultan-ul-Quam and Baba Jassa Singh Ahluwalia, this Misl was known for its administrative capabilities and military strength.
• Ramgharia Misl: Led by Jassa Singh Ramgarhia, this Misl was prominent for its military achievements and territorial control.
• Kanhaiya Misl: Founded by Sardar Jai Singh Kanhaiya, this Misl was known for its strong leadership and influence.
• Dallewalia Misl: Led by Sardar Gulab Singh Dallewalia, this Misl was recognized for its military and administrative strength.
• Shaheedan Misl: Founded by Sardar Baba Deep Singh, a revered figure in Sikh history, this Misl was known for its strong leadership and military capabilities.
• Faizalpuria or Singhpuria Misl: Established by Sardar Nawab Kapur Singh, this Misl was known for its administrative and military strength.
• Sukerchakia Misl: Led by Sardar Buddha Singh, this Misl was recognized for its military achievements and territorial control.
• Nishanwalia Misl: Founded by Sardar Dasaundha Singh, this Misl was known for its strong leadership and influence.
• Phulkian Misl: Established by Sardar Chaudhari Phul, this Misl was recognized for its administrative and military capabilities.

These Misls played a crucial role in the history of Punjab, contributing to the regional power structure and setting the stage for future developments in the area.