Tourism of Punjab - 2 | Punjab State (PPSC) PSC: Preparation - PPSC PCS (Punjab) PDF Download

Ludhiana

Maharaja Ranjit Singh War Museum:

• Situated in the Ludhiana district of Punjab, the Maharaja Ranjit Singh War Museum is located on GT Road along the Amritsar-Ludhiana Highway, approximately 5 km from Ludhiana Station. Established by the Punjab Government in 1999, the museum is named after Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the founder of the Sikh empire. It aims to honor the contributions of martyrs and soldiers from Punjab and features galleries showcasing the heroics of various military forces, including the Air Force, Navy, and cavalry. The museum also provides detailed accounts of the history and origin of the Sikh empire, its conquests, and notable Sikh rulers, fighters, and martyrs. Outside View of Maharaja Ranjit Singh War Museum

Gurdwara Charan Kamal:

• Gurdwara Charan Kamal is located in Machhiwara village, Ludhiana district, Punjab. This sacred site marks the place where Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, stopped to rest in a shady garden during his journey through the picturesque village of Machhiwara. The peaceful refuge offered by this garden to Guru Gobind Singh Ji led to the establishment of Gurdwara Charan Kamal.

Kos Minar:

• Kos refers to a medieval unit of distance roughly equivalent to 3 kilometers, while Minar is a Persian term meaning tower. Kos Minars, also known as Mile Pillars, are ancient milestones established by the Afghan ruler Sher Shah Suri and later by the Mughal Emperors. These Minars were placed along main highways throughout the empire to indicate distance. A typical Kos Minar is a solid, round pillar standing about 30 feet tall on a masonry platform made of bricks and coated with lime.

The Kos Minars marked important royal routes emanating from Agra, including:

• West: Agra to Ajmer via Jaipur
• North: Agra to Lahore via Delhi
• South: Agra to Mandu via Shivpuri

In Punjab, several Kos Minars can be found in districts such as Kapurthala, Jalandhar, Tarn Taran, and Ludhiana.

Gurdwara Gurusar:

• Gurdwara Gurusar is situated in the village of Lal Kalan, close to the Sirhind Canal. This gurdwara honors the visits of Sikh Gurus Har Gobind Sahib Ji and Guru Gobind Singh Ji. Within the premises of Gurdwara Gurusar, there is a sacred pond (Sarovar) and three sites of religious significance: Beri Sahib, Barota Sahib, each with its own importance.

Rural Museum (Punjab Agriculture University Museum):

• The Rural Museum, also known as the Punjab Agriculture University Museum, is located in Ludhiana, Punjab. Established in 1974 within the Punjab Agriculture University (PAU) campus, the museum showcases the cultural and agricultural heritage of rural Punjab.

The museum is divided into two main sections:

• First Section: This section features a collection of Harappan coins and pottery alongside traditional rural kitchen equipment from Punjab, such as chulha (traditional stove) and peerhi (grinding stone).
• Second Section: The second division displays various household items, including a spinning wheel and grain storage baskets. It also exhibits musical instruments like Dholak, Sarangi, Tumba, and Sitar, as well as traditional attire, juttis (traditional shoes), and jewellery worn by Punjabi men and women.

Lodhi Fort:

• Lodhi Fort, situated in Ludhiana, Punjab, was constructed by the renowned ruler Sikander Lodhi approximately 500 years ago. This historic fort, positioned along the banks of the Sutlej River, served as a military stronghold to thwart intruders from invading the city.
• Although Lodhi Fort is now in ruins, it continues to attract numerous tourists who visit to appreciate its ancient beauty and the remarkable architecture reminiscent of the Mughal era.

Gurdwara Manji Sahib:

• Gurdwara Manji Sahib, also known as Alamgir Sahib, is located near the village of Alamgir in Ludhiana, Punjab. This gurdwara is significant because it is believed that Guru Gobind Singh Ji, a revered Sikh Guru, stayed here for a short period. According to local legend, during his stay, Guru Gobind Singh Ji shot an arrow into the ground, and a spring of water miraculously appeared at this location, known as Tirsar.
• The gurdwara has since become a place of pilgrimage, attracting many visitors who come with the faith that their prayers will be answered. The site holds great spiritual importance for those who believe in the miraculous events associated with Guru Gobind Singh Ji.

The Phillaur Fort:

• The Phillaur Fort, located in the town of Phillaur within Ludhiana city, stands on the banks of the Sutlej River. This fort is a testament to Punjab's rich heritage and is also known as the Maharaja Ranjit Singh Fort. With a history spanning over 200 years, the fort is currently functioning as a police training center and a Fingerprint Bureau.

Mansa

Samadhi of Bhai Gurdas:

• Situated in the Mansa district, the Samadhi of Bhai Gurdas was erected in honor of Bhai Gurdas, who is credited with founding Mansa. This site becomes a focal point of activity during March and April when a fair is held in his memory.

Sardulgarh Fort:

• Sardulgarh Fort, located in Mansa district, has a rich history. The area now known as Sardulgarh Tehsil was formerly called Rori Dhudal and was part of the Patiala Princely State before India’s independence. The place earned its name because it was a favored hunting spot for Sardul Singh, the prince of Patiala.

Moga

Gurdwara Nanaksar Sahib:

• Gurdwara Nanaksar Sahib is situated in Taktupura village within the Moga district. This gurdwara holds a significant place in history as it has been visited by several prominent Sikh Gurus. The people of Moga firmly believe that Guru Gobind Singh Ji, Guru Har Gobind Singh Ji, and Guru Nanak Dev Ji visited this sacred site and blessed their devotees. The gurdwara is also home to a serene sarovar (water body) known as Nanaksar Sarovar, which adds to the spiritual ambiance of the place.

Gurdwara Lohgarh Sahib:

• Gurdwara Lohgarh Sahib, also referred to as Dina Sahib Gurdwara, is located in Dina village within the Moga district. This gurdwara is a significant Sikh shrine, with a strong belief among the devotees that Guru Gobind Singh Ji visited this holy site. The gurdwara stands as a testament to the rich Sikh heritage and the spiritual legacy of the Gurus.

Muktsar Sahib

Mukta Minar:

• Mukta Minar is a memorial located near the district administrative complex of Muktsar Sahib. It is surrounded by a beautiful garden and features an open-air theatre. This site commemorates the 300th anniversary of the martyrdom of the Chali Mukte, a group of 40 Sikhs who died fighting near the lake of Khidrana. The memorial honors their sacrifice and is a place of remembrance for this significant event in Sikh history.

Gurdwara Tuti Gandhi Sahib:

• Gurdwara Tuti Gandhi Sahib is situated in the Muktsar Sahib district and is believed to be the site of the last battlefield of Guru Gobind Singh Ji in 1905. This gurdwara was established to honor the 40 Sikh warriors who died fighting against the Mughal Empire. The place was originally called Khidrane di dhab but was renamed Shri Muktsar Sahib to commemorate the warriors. Every January, a festival is held here to remember their bravery and sacrifice.

Pathankot

Cave Temple or Mukteshwar:

• The Cave Temple, also known as Mukteshwar, is a revered site in Pathankot dedicated to Lord Shiva. This sacred cave temple is situated on the banks of the river Ravi and is considered one of the most important places of worship in the region. Locals and visitors alike come to pay their respects and seek blessings at this historic temple.

Nurpur Fort:

• Nurpur Fort, located in the Pathankot district, is a historic fort that dates back 900 years. It was originally ruled by the Pathania clan of Tomar Rajputs since the 11th century. The fort was initially called Dhameri Fort but was renamed Nurpur after the visit of Noor Jahan, the queen of Mughal king Jahangir, who fell in love with the place. The fort features the famous Brij Raj Swami temple and, despite suffering damage in the 1905 earthquake, it still stands proudly, showcasing its historical significance and architectural beauty.

Patiala

Qila Mubarak:

• Qila Mubarak, situated in Patiala, is a remarkable example of Sikh palace architecture. Originally built as a mud fortress by Maharaja Ala Singh in 1764, it was later reconstructed in baked bricks. The interior section, known as Qila Androon, was constructed by Maharaja Amar Singh. The Darbar hall has been converted into a mini museum displaying historical artifacts, including the daggers of Guru Gobind Singh Ji and Nadir Shah.

Kali Mata Ji Temple:

• Kali Mata Ji Temple, located in Patiala, was constructed by Maharaja Bhupinder Singh, the ruler of Patiala. The Maharaja brought a six-foot statue of Mother Kali and Paawan Jyoti from Bengal and installed it in the temple. An older temple dedicated to Raj Rajeshwari is also found in the center of this complex. Due to its exquisite beauty, intricate carvings, and stunning wall paintings, this temple is now recognized as a National Monument.

Gurdwara Dukh Nirwan Sahib:

• Gurdwara Dukh Nirwan Sahib is a sacred site in Sikhism, located on Sirhind Road in Patiala, formerly known as Lehal village. According to local history, a villager named Bhag Ram from Lehal village sought the help of Guru Tegh Bahadur Singh Ji to cure a deadly disease affecting the village. The Guru visited Lehal, preached, and meditated under a banyan tree by the village pond, which soon became famous for its healing properties. The spot where the Guru sat was named Dukh Nirwan Sahib, and the pond gained a reputation for its curative virtues. The gurdwara is now managed by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee.

Rupnagar

• Located in the Rupnagar district, Anandpur Sahib Fort is a significant historical site. Anandpur Sahib, often referred to as the Holy City of Bliss, is where this fort stands. The fort was built with thick walls for protection against foreign invaders. Inside the fort, there is a deep well accessed by a staircase, adding to its uniqueness. It is believed that Guru Gobind Singh spent around 16 years in this fort, making it an important place in Sikh history.
• The fort is not only a symbol of strength but also the birthplace of the Khalsa Panth (Sikh Nation) and a council of five wise men. These foundations were laid here, making the fort a crucial part of Punjab's history. Nearby, the Virasat-e-Khalsa museum showcases the rich heritage of the state, further enhancing the significance of Anandpur Sahib Fort.

Shri Guru Teg Bahadur Museum:

• The Shri Guru Teg Bahadur Museum, established by the Punjab Government in 1977, stands as a tribute to the revered figure of Shri Guru Teg Bahadur. Inaugurated on January 25, 1983, the museum commemorates the Guru's supreme sacrifice for the liberation of the oppressed and the freedom of conscience and belief.
• The museum's exhibits, primarily depicted through oil paintings by esteemed Punjabi artists such as Kirpal Singh, Jaswant Singh, and Devinder Singh, narrate the poignant saga of Sikh history during this period, replete with struggles and sacrifices.

Khalsa Heritage Memorial Complex (Virasat-e-Khalsa):

• Located in Anandpur Sahib, Rupnagar, the Khalsa Heritage Memorial Complex, also known as Virasat-e-Khalsa, was initiated in 1999 to commemorate the tricentenary of the Khalsa's birth. Inaugurated in 2011, the complex features a stunning building designed by renowned architect Mr. Moshe Safdie.
• The complex houses permanent exhibition spaces comprising two clusters of galleries, an auditorium with a 400-seat capacity, a library, and various other facilities, showcasing the rich heritage and history of the Khalsa.

Keshgarh Fort:

• Keshgarh Fort, an ancient fort built by Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the 10th Guru of the Sikhs, is located in Anandpur Sahib. This fort was constructed in the 17th century, around 1689, as a defensive measure for the Sikhs against the hill Rajas and Mughals. Guru Gobind Singh Ji spent 25 years in Anandpur Sahib, protecting the Sikhs and overseeing the construction of five defensive forts around the town.
• The fort is spread over three storeys and is made of beautiful white marble stone. It is considered one of the most sacred places for Sikhs and is also known as one of the five Takhts of India, specifically the Takht of Keshgarh Sahib. The construction of Keshgarh Fort took about 10 years to complete, and it holds great religious and historical significance for the Sikh community.

Gurdwara Kiratpur Sahib:

• Gurdwara Kiratpur Sahib was founded in 1627 by the sixth Sikh Guru, Shri Har Gobind Sahib Ji. This sacred site is situated in a serene town at the foothills of the Shiwalik range in Rupnagar, Punjab. Guru Har Gobind Sahib Ji spent his final years here, on the banks of the Sutlej River, in what is now Rupnagar district.
• Kiratpur Sahib holds a special place in Sikh traditions, as it is a site where the ashes of deceased Sikhs are immersed. The area is adorned with numerous gurdwaras, including Gurdwara Baba Gurditta, the Tomb of Baba Buddan Shah, Gurdwara Bavangarh, and Gurdwara Patal Puri, making it a significant religious destination.

SAS Nagar (Mohali)

Fateh Burj:

• Fateh Burj, located in Chappar Chiri within the SAS Nagar district of Punjab, holds the distinction of being the tallest minaret in India, standing at 328 feet. Built in 1711, this iconic structure marks the establishment of the Sikh misls and is also referred to as the Victory Tower. The minaret commemorates a decisive battle won by Banda Singh Bahadur against Wazir Khan, the commander of the Mughal army, symbolizing the victory of the entire region of Punjab and its adjoining areas.

Sikh Ajaibghar:

• The Sikh Ajaibghar, situated in Balongi village near SAS Nagar, is a museum dedicated to Sikh history. It features sculptures and statues of various Sikh warriors, as well as models depicting different Sikh freedom fighters.

Gurdwara Amb Sahib:

• Gurdwara Amb Sahib is a historical shrine located in Sector 62 of Mohali. This gurdwara commemorates the visit of Guru Har Rai Ji, the seventh Sikh Guru, and is maintained by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) based in Amritsar.

Gurdwara Singh Shaheedan:

• Situated in village Sohana, Mohali, Gurdwara Singh Shaheedan was built to honor the memory of Jathedar Baba Hanuman Singh and his 500 Sikh companions, who were martyred in a battle against British forces during the Anglo-Sikh Wars.

Sangrur

Suraj Kund Temple:

• The Suraj Kund Temple is a significant Sun Temple located to the east of Sunam city, approximately 58 km from Sangrur. This temple, mentioned by Al-Biruni in his book Kitab-ul-Hind, was once a famous site and is believed to have been destroyed by Timur or Mohammad Ghaznavi.
• Historically, the Saraswati River is thought to have flowed near this temple. The Suraj Kund is encircled by verandas on all sides, adding to its architectural beauty. Within the Kund, in one corner, there is a Shiva Linga, a sacred symbol of Lord Shiva. Additionally, there are two other Kunds nearby, known as Sita Kund and Barat Kund.

Maharaja Narinder Singh Mahal:

• This Mahal, located 58 km from Sangrur, was constructed by Maharaja Narinder Singh in 1845 and later became the residence of the Nawab of Malerkotla. The Mahal is renowned for its stunning mirror work, earning it the nickname "Palace of Mirrors."
• The architecture is traditional Mughal, set against a beautiful backdrop of landscaped gardens inspired by the famous Shalimar Bagh. The interiors are lavishly decorated with ornate mirror work and vibrant floral motifs. Exquisite murals depict scenes from Indian mythology, religious teachings, and literary works by celebrated poets like Surdas, Keshav Das, and Bihari Lal.

SBS Nagar

Shaheed-e-Azam Bhagat Singh Museum:

• Location: Khatkar Kalan village, SBS Nagar district, Punjab.
• Inauguration: March 23, 1981, on the 50th martyrdom anniversary of Bhagat Singh.
• Purpose: To honor Shaheed Bhagat Singh and his companions who fought against British rule.
• Exhibits: Personal belongings and important documents of Bhagat Singh.

Nawanshahr

Baba Balraj Mandir:

• Location: Balachaur, Punjab.
• Historical Significance: 16th-century temple associated with a king of Jaipur who meditated here.
• Origin: Built in 1596 by the king's son in memory of his father.
• Legend: Sher Shah sought blessings from Baba Raj Dev at this spot before his battle against Humayun.

Tarn Taran

Gurdwara Shri Tarn Taran Sahib:

• Location: 24 km south of Amritsar, in Tarn Taran district, Punjab.
• Founder: Guru Arjan Dev Ji, the fifth Sikh Guru.
• Historical Significance: Guru Arjan Dev Ji established a home for leprosy patients here.
• Sarovar:. sacred lake surrounding the Gurdwara, believed to have healing powers, similar to the Golden Temple.
• Pilgrimage: Famous for monthly gatherings on Amavas, a no-moon night.

Gurdwara Shri Darbar Sahib:

• Location: Tarn Taran district, Punjab.
• Founder: Guru Arjan Dev Ji, in honor of Guru Ram Das Ji.
• Architectural Features: One of the largest tanks, marble exterior, and built on the side of the tank.
• Similarity: Resembles the Golden Temple in layout but with distinct features.

Tourism Policy of Punjab (2003)

The Punjab Tourism Policy of 2003 aims to boost tourism in the state to create more jobs and stimulate economic growth. Punjab is known for its rich culture and heritage, along with a solid tourism infrastructure, making it an attractive destination for both domestic and international tourists.

To encourage investments, the state has implemented several initiatives, including:

• Single window clearance for quick approvals.
• Availability of land for building hotels.
• Easy loan provisions for investors.

Punjab is also committed to promoting eco-tourism, which led to the introduction of a separate Eco-tourism Policy in 2009. Some of the most famous tourist attractions in the state include the Golden Temple, Wagah Border, Anandpur Sahib, and Jallianwala Bagh.

Eco-Tourism Policy, 2009

Eco-tourism, also known as Ecologically Sustainable Tourism, refers to responsible tourism in natural areas that aims to conserve the environment and enhance the well-being of local communities. It encourages people to visit the natural beauty of forests to promote conservation efforts.

The Punjab Eco-tourism Policy, 2009 seeks to improve the state's natural resource base and promote eco-tourism through various initiatives, including:

• Identifying and promoting eco-tourism potential sites.
• Developing permissible and ecologically sound eco-tourism infrastructure.
• Diversifying the range of tourism activities available at destinations.
• Establishing and enforcing standards and norms for eco-tourism activities.
• Involving local communities living in and dependent on peripheral areas for their livelihoods.
• Raising awareness within the community and enhancing local livelihoods.
• Conserving the state's natural resource base.
• Promoting the state as a prominent eco-tourism hub.
• Ensuring economic benefits for local communities without adversely affecting their cultural values.

Punjab Tourism Development Corporation (PTDC)

The Punjab Tourism Development Corporation (PTDC) is a public sector undertaking wholly owned by the state government. On April 1, 1979, the State Government transferred ownership of tourist complexes to the Corporation. Currently, PTDC manages 18 tourist complexes and 4 holiday homes located across the country. Recently, modern complexes have been established at Aam Khas Bagh in Sirhind and a Fast Food Counter in Ropar along the banks of the Sutlej River. Additionally, the Corporation has leased out some restaurants and tourist complexes on a short-term basis.