Textbook Solutions: Natural Disasters | Eureka Plus Class 5: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets PDF Download

I. Tick (✔) the correct options

Q1: The entire Earth below the land and water is covered with
Ans: hard rock.

Q2: Magma is made up of
Ans: molten rocks.

Q3: A tsunami occurs when a large earthquake takes place
Ans: in the ocean.

Q4: The intensity of an earthquake is measured using a
Ans: Richter Scale.

Q5: Heavy rains occur due to
Ans: cyclones.

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II. Tick (✔) the true sentences and correct the false ones:

Q1: During an earthquake, it is not safe to stay below a bridge.
Ans: True.

Q2: A powerful earthquake of magnitude 7 in the ocean gives rise to a tsunami.
Ans: True.

Q3: The waves of a tsunami are harmless when they occur in the deep ocean.
Ans: True.

Q4: Floods occur during the rainy season.
Ans: True.

Q5: Cyclones occur in places close to the sea.
Ans: True.

III. Answer the following questions in one sentence:

Q1: What are tectonic plates?
Ans: Tectonic plates are massive slabs of hard rock that cover the Earth beneath the oceans and land.

Q2: What moves the tectonic plates?
Ans: Heat energy from magma moves the tectonic plates.

Q3: What produces heat deep inside the Earth?
Ans: Magma produces heat deep inside the Earth.

Q4: What happens when tectonic plates collide with each other?
Ans: When tectonic plates collide, they cause earthquakes.

Q5: Who developed the Richter Scale?
Ans: The Richter Scale was developed by Charles Francis Richter.

Q6: What is a cyclone?
Ans: A cyclone is a severe storm with very strong winds and heavy rain.

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IV. Write four to five sentences on the following topics:

1. Earthquake
Ans: An earthquake happens when tectonic plates move or collide with each other. This movement causes the ground to shake. Earthquakes can be mild or very powerful. A strong earthquake can damage buildings, roads, and bridges. It can also cause loss of life.

2. Tsunami
Ans: A tsunami is a series of ocean waves caused by a strong earthquake under the ocean. These waves travel very fast and become very destructive when they reach the coast. Tsunamis can destroy buildings, roads, and fields near the shore. People should quickly move away from the coast when there is a tsunami warning.

3. Cyclone
Ans: A cyclone is a dangerous storm with strong winds and heavy rain. Cyclones mostly happen in coastal areas. The strong winds can damage houses, break electric poles, and uproot trees. The heavy rain causes floods, which destroy crops and homes. People should stay indoors and listen to weather warnings during a cyclone.

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V. Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)

Read the given information and based on it answer each question.
1. A little further from the city of Delhi, an earthquake of magnitude 3.9 on the Richter scale has occurred.
Q: Will an earthquake of magnitude 3.9 near Delhi cause much damage to buildings? Why?
Ans: No, an earthquake of magnitude 3.9 is mild and will not cause much damage to buildings in Delhi and nearby places.

2. An earthquake of magnitude 7.4 was recorded in the Indian Ocean. There was a possibility of a tsunami hitting the southern coast of India. Just after a tsunami warning was sounded, dolphins were sighted in several parts of the Indian Ocean. 
Q: Do you think the tsunami could seriously injure the dolphins? Why?
Ans: No, the tsunami is unlikely to seriously injure dolphins because they live in deep water where tsunami waves are harmless. Tsunami waves only become powerful and destructive when they reach shallow coastal areas. In the open ocean, the waves move beneath the surface and do not pose a threat to marine life like dolphins.