Mnemonics: Nationalism in India | Social Studies (SST) Class 10 PDF Download

1. Introduction to Nationalism in India

Mnemonic: "FIGHT"

Interpretations:
F – Freedom struggle against British rule
I – Identity and sense of belonging developed
G – Group unity through anti-colonial movement
H – Historical changes led to nationalism
T – Transformation of India’s political landscape

Explanation:
Freedom struggle was central to nationalism. Identity and belonging evolved as people united. Groups found unity in fighting colonial rule. Historical changes shaped the movement. Transformation of India’s political structure took place through movements.

Nationalism in India

2. The Idea of Satyagraha

Mnemonic: "TRUTH"

Interpretations:
T – Truth as a weapon against injustice
R – Resistance through non-violence
U – Uniting people through peaceful protest
T – Targeting oppressors with moral strength
H – Hope for social and political change

Explanation:
Truth and non-violence were key in resisting British rule. Resistance through satyagraha rejected violence. Uniting people for peaceful protests strengthened the movement. Targeting injustice through moral force was Gandhi’s principle. Hope for self-rule and justice inspired Indians.

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3. Satyagraha Movements in India

Mnemonic: "CHAMP"

Interpretations:
C – Champaran (1917) – Indigo farmers’ struggle
H – Hunger and hardship in Kheda (1917)
A – Ahmedabad mill workers’ agitation (1918)
M – Mahatma Gandhi’s peaceful protests
P – Progressive reforms achieved

Explanation:
Champaran movement fought for indigo farmers' rights. Hunger and hardship in Kheda led to tax relaxation. Ahmedabad mill workers fought for fair wages. Mahatma Gandhi’s non-violent strategy was key. Protests led to positive reforms.

Satyagraha Movement in India

4. The Rowlatt Act & Jallianwala Bagh

Mnemonic: "RULE"

Interpretations:
R – Repressive Rowlatt Act allowed arrests without trial
U – Uproar across India through protests
L – Large-scale massacre at Jallianwala Bagh
E – Escalation of anger against British rule

Explanation:
Repressive laws led to widespread dissent. Uproar and protests erupted. Large-scale massacre in Jallianwala Bagh shocked the nation. Escalation of anti-British sentiment fueled the independence movement.

5. Non-Cooperation Movement

Mnemonic: "BOYCOTT"

Interpretations:
B – Boycott British goods and institutions
O – Organized protests across India
Y – Young students left British schools
C – Civil disobedience promoted
O – Opposition to foreign rule intensified
T – Tribal and peasant movements joined
T – Transformation of Indian nationalism

Explanation:
Boycotting British goods and schools was a key strategy. Organized protests spread nationwide. Young students and leaders left British institutions. Civil disobedience was embraced. Opposition intensified as different classes joined. Tribal, peasant, and urban groups participated, leading to Transformation in the struggle for independence.Non-Cooperation Movement

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6. Civil Disobedience Movement

Mnemonic: "MARCH"

Interpretations:
M – Mass participation across India
A – Arrests of leaders increased
R – Resistance against salt tax
C – Civil disobedience spread to villages
H – Harsh repression by British forces

Explanation:
Mass participation made the movement widespread. Arrests of leaders angered the people. Resistance to the salt tax became symbolic. Civil disobedience extended to rural areas. Harsh repression failed to suppress the movement.

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7. The Salt March

Mnemonic: "DANDI"

Interpretations:
D – Dandi March to protest salt laws
A – Abolition of salt tax was demanded
N – Non-violent defiance inspired masses
D – Determined Gandhi led the way
I – India united in civil disobedience

Explanation:
Dandi March symbolized peaceful defiance. Abolition of the salt tax was a key demand. Non-violent methods strengthened the movement. Determined leadership by Gandhi inspired people. Indians across classes united for independence.Salt March

8. The Sense of Collective Belonging

Mnemonic: "UNITY"

Interpretations:
U – United identity emerged through nationalism
N – National symbols strengthened patriotism
I – Indian folklore and history revived
T – Tricolour flag became a unifying icon
Y – Youth and leaders worked towards independence

Explanation:
Unity grew as Indians saw themselves as one nation. National symbols like Bharat Mata inspired patriotism. Indian folklore and history revived nationalist sentiments. Tricolour flag symbolized defiance against British rule. Youth leaders and the common people actively participated.