Class 10 Exam > Class 10 Notes > Biology Class 10 ICSE > Selina Textbook Solutions: Cell - The Structural and Functional Unit of Life
Selina Textbook Solutions: Cell - The Structural and Functional Unit of Life | Biology Class 10 ICSE PDF Download
Very Short Answer Type
Q1: Identify the cellular structures with the help of the following clues:
(a) It synthesizes the respiratory enzymes.
(b) It is made up of lipoprotein.
(c) A non-living rigid layer surrounding the plasma membrane.
(d) Supportive framework for the cell.
(e) It consists of cisternae, vesicles and vacuoles.
(f) It destroys foreign substances.
(g) It gives turgidity to the plant cells.
(h) It is made up of DNA threads.
(i) It contains chromatin fibres.
(j) It initiates and regulates cell division.
Ans: (a) Mitochondria
(b) Cell membrane/plasma membrane
(c) Cell wall
(d) Endoplasmic reticulum
(e) Golgi apparatus
(f) Lysosomes
(g) Vacuoles
(h) Chromatin fibres
(i) Nucleus
(j) Centrosome
Q2: Give two examples of each:
(a) Unicellular animals
(b) Unicellular plants
(c) Cell organelles
(d) Cell inclusions
(e) Stains which make the nucleus distinct.
Ans: (a) Unicellular animals — Amoeba, Paramecium
(b) Unicellular plants — Chlamydomonas, Diatoms
(c) Cell organelles — Mitochondria, Nucleus
(d) Cell inclusions — Pigments, Granules
(e) Stains which make the nucleus distinct — Iodine, Eosin.
Q3: Name the following:
(a) A plastid without pigment.
(b) A pigment which is not found in plastids.
(c) The orange-red pigment found in the chromoplast.
(d) Scattered Golgi complex, found in plant cells.
(e) Amoeboid blood cells of human body.
(f) The smallest cell of human body.
(g) Bean-shaped cells of stomata.
(h) The part of cytoplasm which is devoid of the organelles.
(i) The folds/finger-like projections from the inner wall of the mitochondria.
(j) The tubules of Golgi complex.
Ans: (a) Leucoplast
(b) Anthocyanin
(c) Carotene
(d) Dictyosomes
(e) White blood cells (WBCs)
(f) Red blood cells (RBCs)
(g) Guard cells
(h) Cytosol
(i) Cristae
(j) Cisternae
Descriptive Type
Q1: Define the following terms:
(a) Cell
(b) Organelles
(c) Cytoplasm
(d) Protoplasm
(e) Nucleus
Ans: (a) Cell — Cell is the structural and functional unit of life capable of independent existence. All cells are basically alike in chemical composition and metabolic processes and arise from a pre-existing cell.
(b) Organelles — Organelles are specialized and membrane-bound, living structures in a cell concerned with definite functions.
(c) Cytoplasm — Cytoplasm is the part of the cell which is inside the cell membrane and outside the nucleus. It is a semi-liquid substance and contains several organelles, each concerned with a specific function.
(d) Protoplasm — The living parts of the cell which consist of cytoplasm, nucleus and other living bodies collectively constitute protoplasm or protoplast.
(e) Nucleus — Nucleus is a large spherical body lying nearly in the centre of the cytoplasm. It is surrounded by a double layered nuclear membrane with nuclear pores.
Q2: Distinguish between the following pairs:
(a) Plant cell and animal cell
(b) Cell wall and cell membrane
(c) Centrosome and chromosome
(d) Chloroplast and chromoplast
Ans: 
(b) Cell Wall and Cell Membrane
Ans:
(c) Centrosome and Chromosome
Ans:
(d) Chloroplast and Chromoplast
Ans: 
The document Selina Textbook Solutions: Cell - The Structural and Functional Unit of Life | Biology Class 10 ICSE is a part of the Class 10 Course Biology Class 10 ICSE.
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FAQs on Selina Textbook Solutions: Cell - The Structural and Functional Unit of Life - Biology Class 10 ICSE
| 1. What is a cell and why is it considered the basic structural and functional unit of life? |  |
Ans. A cell is the smallest unit of life that can function independently and perform all the necessary functions of life. It is considered the basic structural and functional unit of life because all living organisms are made up of cells, which carry out essential processes such as metabolism, energy production, and reproduction.
| 2. What are the main components of a cell and their functions? | |
Ans. The main components of a cell include the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and ribosomes. The cell membrane protects the cell and regulates what enters and exits. The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance where chemical reactions occur. The nucleus controls cellular activities and contains genetic material. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, producing energy, while the endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis.
| 3. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? | |
Ans. Prokaryotic cells are simpler and smaller, lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They usually have a single circular DNA molecule and reproduce asexually through binary fission. In contrast, eukaryotic cells are larger, with a defined nucleus and various membrane-bound organelles, allowing for more complex functions and multicellularity.
| 4. How do plant cells differ from animal cells? | |
Ans. Plant cells differ from animal cells in several key aspects: they have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose, which provides structural support; chloroplasts for photosynthesis; and a large central vacuole that stores water and nutrients. Animal cells lack these structures and have a more flexible cell membrane instead.
| 5. Why are cells often referred to as the "building blocks of life"? | |
Ans. Cells are referred to as the "building blocks of life" because they are the fundamental units that make up all living organisms. They combine to form tissues, organs, and systems, ultimately making up the entire organism. Every biological process that sustains life occurs within cells, highlighting their essential role in the structure and function of life.
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