Morning Star Textbook Solutions: Minerals in India | Geography Class 10 ICSE PDF Download

Select the Correct Option

Q1: Minerals are natural substances having definite chemical and ______ properties.
(a) chemical
(b) physical
(c) biological
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Ans: (b) 

Q2: ______ is a ferrous mineral.
(a) Copper
(b) Bauxite
(c) Iron ore
(d) Coal
Ans: (c)

Q3: Good quality minerals are ______ in quantity than low quality minerals.
(a) equal
(b) lesser
(c) higher
(d) poorer
Ans: (b)

Q4: ______ is one of the most widely distributed minerals found in the earth's crust.
(a) Iron ore
(b) Copper
(c) Coal
(d) Limestone
Ans: (a) 

Q5: Which ore of iron is reddish in colour?
(a) Magnetite
(b) Haematite
(c) Limonite
(d) All of the above.
Ans: (b) 

Q6: ______ is also known as 'Black ore'.
(a) Limonite
(b) Haematite
(c) Magnetite
(d) None of the above.
Ans: (c) 

Q7: ______ is the best quality of iron that contains more than 70 per cent of iron.
(a) Magnetite
(b) Limonite
(c) Haematite
(d) Ironite
Ans: (a) 

Q8: About 90 per cent of iron ore is used to make ______.
(a) Bauxite
(b) Steel
(c) Brass
(d) Bronze
Ans: (b) 

Q9: The main iron ore exporting ports in India are Mormugao and ______.
(a) Paradip
(b) Haldia
(c) Visakhapatnam
(d) Kandla
Ans: (c) 

Q10: ______ is a raw material used for smelting of iron ore.
(a) Manganese
(b) Magnetite
(c) Mica
(d) Feronite
Ans: (a) 

Q11: Manganese is used to make ______ tough and resistant to rusting.
(a) copper
(b) bronze
(c) bauxite
(d) steel
Ans: (d) 

Q12: ______ is used in dry cell batteries.
(a) Iron ore
(b) Manganese
(c) Copper
(d) Bauxite
Ans: (b)

Q13: ______ mineral is used to regulate blood sugar levels and to support the immune system.
(a) Manganese
(b) Iron ore
(c) Mica
(d) Copper
Ans: (a) 

Q14: An excess of ______ in plants and animals is toxic.
(a) iron ore
(b) magnetite
(c) manganese
(d) haematite
Ans: (c) 

Q15: ______ is essential for plant growth and reduction of nitrates in green plants.
(a) Mica
(b) Iron
(c) Manganese
(d) Copper
Ans: (c) 

Q16: ______ is the earliest metal used by man.
(a) Iron
(b) Manganese
(c) Bauxite
(d) Copper
Ans: (d) 

Q17: Which of the following is a principal combination in which copper occurs in nature?
(a) Sulphides
(b) Oxides
(c) Carbonate
(d) All of the above.
Ans: (d) 

Q18: ______ is a good conductor of electricity, highly malleable and ductile.
(a) Copper
(b) Iron
(c) Bauxite
(d) Mica
Ans: (a) 

Q19: Copper is alloyed with ______ and nickle to make stainless steel.
(a) zinc
(b) tin
(c) iron
(d) brass
Ans: (c) 

Q20: Copper is alloyed with ______ to make bronze.
(a) iron
(b) tin
(c) nickel
(d) zinc
Ans: (b)

Answe the Following Questions

Q1(a): What is a mineral? State two characteristics of minerals.
Ans: Minerals are natural substances of organic or inorganic origin with definite chemical and physical properties.
Two characteristics of minerals are:

1. Minerals are not evenly distributed over space.
2. Minerals have an inverse relationship in quality and quantity.

Q1(b): What is the difference between metallic and non-metallic minerals?
Ans:
Q1(c): Name the three varieties of iron ore mined in India. Name one state where each is found.
Ans: The three varieties of iron ore mined in India are:

1. Haematite — It is found in Odisha.
2. Magnetite — It is found in Tamil Nadu.
3. Limonite — It is found in Uttarakhand.

Q1(d): (i) Name the best quality of iron ore.
(ii) Name two states where it is found.
Ans:
(i) Magnetite is the best quality of iron ore.
(ii) It is found in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.

Q2(a): What type of mineral is copper? Name any two states where copper is found in India.
Ans: Copper is a non-ferrous metal. It is found in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.

Q2(b): State two uses of aluminium.
Ans: Aluminium is used in aircraft and automobiles.

Q2(c): Give a reason for each of the following:
(i) Manganese is an important raw material in the iron and steel industry.
(ii) Bauxite is used in the electrical equipment industry.
(iii) Raw iron needs to be alloyed to be useful in the construction and automobile industry.
Ans:
(i) Manganese is essential in the iron and steel industry as it imparts toughness and rust resistance to steel.
(ii) Bauxite is utilized in the electrical equipment industry due to its excellent conductivity.
(iii) Raw iron must be alloyed because it lacks the strength and hardness required in construction and automotive applications.

Q2(d): Bauxite is an oxide of which metal? Where are the deposits of Bauxite found in India?
Ans: Bauxite is an oxide of aluminium. Deposits of bauxite are found in Goa, Odisha, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.

Q3(a): How are brass and bronze made? State two uses of copper.
Ans: Copper is alloyed with zinc to produce brass and with tin to create bronze.
Two uses of copper include:

1. It is utilized in building construction for roofing and plumbing.
2. It is employed in the shipbuilding industry.

Q3(b): Name two leading states producing manganese. State two industrial uses of manganese.
Ans: Two leading states producing manganese are Karnataka and Odisha.
Two industrial uses of manganese are:

1. It is a vital raw material for the iron and steel industry.
2. It is used in chemical industries for manufacturing bleaching powder.

Q3(c): Give a reason for each of the following:
(i) Magnetite is so called.
(ii) Copper is used for making electric wires.
(iii) Aluminium is used for making aircraft.
Ans:
(i) Magnetite is named so due to its magnetic properties.
(ii) Copper is chosen for electric wires because it is an excellent conductor of electricity and is highly malleable and ductile.
(iii) Aluminium is preferred in aircraft manufacturing because it is lightweight yet strong.

Q3(d): (i) Name two characteristics of iron ore deposits in India that facilitate their optimum use in the iron and steel plants.
(ii) Name two industries that require iron ore as raw material.
Ans: (i) Two characteristics of iron ore deposits in India that enhance their use in iron and steel plants are:

1. Iron ore deposits often occur as hill masses, making them easily accessible.
2. They are located near coal, dolomite, limestone, and manganese production areas, which aids in processing.

(ii) Two industries that require iron ore as a raw material are:

1. Iron industry
2. Steel industry

Thinking Skills

Q1: You have to prepare a feasibility report for establishing mineral-based industries in your state. Which industries would you recommend? Give reasons to support your Answer.
Ans: I would recommend developing the iron and steel industry in my state for the following reasons:

1. My state has sufficient deposits of iron ore, coal, dolomite, limestone, and manganese, reducing the need for imports.
2. The area is well-connected via roads and railways, ensuring smooth transportation.
3. Labor can be sourced at reasonable wages from nearby regions.
4. A nearby port will facilitate the export of finished goods.

Q2: Suppose you live in an area rich in coal, dolomite, limestone, and manganese, with two exporting ports. Which industry can be developed in your area and why?
Ans: The iron and steel industry can be developed in my area for the following reasons:

1. Raw materials will be easily accessible, allowing for cost-effective procurement.
2. The presence of two exporting ports means efficient transportation for products.
3. The ports will make exporting finished steel more economical.

Q3: Minerals are exhaustible over time. List household items that could be reused by repairing, recycling, or refurbishing, along with the benefits of doing so.
Ans: Household items that could be reused include:

1. Furniture — Old or damaged furniture can be repaired or refurbished instead of discarded.
2. Clothing — Ripped or worn clothing can be mended or repurposed into items like bags or quilts.
3. Cardboard boxes — These can be reused for storage or as drawer dividers.
4. Plastic containers — These can serve various storage purposes or as planters.
5. Electronics — Many electronics can be repaired rather than replaced.
6. Kitchenware — Items like pots and pans can often be fixed instead of thrown away.
7. Garden tools — These can be refurbished instead of discarded.

Benefits of repairing, recycling, or refurbishing include:

1. Environmental benefits — Reduces landfill waste and conserves natural resources.
2. Cost savings — Repairing items saves money compared to purchasing new ones.
3. Preservation of sentimental value — Repairing cherished items retains their emotional significance.
4. Skills development — Repairing items fosters valuable DIY skills.
5. Contribution to the circular economy — Keeping resources in use for longer aids sustainability.