Revision Notes: India's Cultural Roots | Social Studies for Class 6 PDF Download

Introduction

• Indian culture is like an ancient tree with deep roots and many branches.
• Different fields like art, science, literature, medicine, religion, and governance stem from the same foundation.
• Culture evolved from Indus Valley Civilization, with many schools of thought shaping its uniqueness.

The Vedas and Vedic Culture

• The Vedas are India's oldest texts, containing hymns, prayers, and teachings.
• Written in Sanskrit, passed orally for generations.
• UNESCO recognized Vedic chanting in 2008 as part of humanity’s heritage.

Vedic Society

• Society was clan-based with limited governance information.
• Unity and truth were key values.

Vedic schools of thought explored rituals, philosophy, and spirituality, shaping key ideas like karma, rebirth, brahman, and self-realization.

Buddhism and the Teachings of Buddha

• Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) was born in Lumbini (560 BCE approx.).
• He left his royal life after witnessing old age, sickness, and death.
• Attained enlightenment in Bodh Gaya, realizing suffering comes from ignorance and attachment.
• Founded Sangha, a community of monks and nuns.
• Taught ahimsa (non-violence), truth, and self-discipline.
• His teachings spread across Asia and influenced many traditions.

• Encouraged deep philosophical inquiry and self-exploration.

Jainism and Mahavira’s Teachings

• Jainism is older than Buddhism but gained popularity around the same time.
• Mahavira (6th century BCE) renounced his royal life to seek wisdom.
• Jain monks lived simple, ascetic lives, focusing on self-discipline and truth.

Folk and Tribal Influences on Indian Culture

• Folk traditions were passed through oral storytelling.
• Many tribal deities (e.g., Jagannath in Odisha) became part of Hindu traditions.
• Ancient tribes (janas) adapted to forests, mountains, and plains.
• 2011 Census: India has 705 tribes with 104 million people.