Mnemonics: Solutions | Chemistry Class 12 - NEET PDF Download

Types of Solutions

Mnemonic: "Solid in Solid, Liquid in Liquid, Gas in Gas—Everything Mixes!"
Explanation:

• Solid in Solid = Alloys (e.g., brass, steel).

• Liquid in Liquid = Miscible liquids (e.g., alcohol in water).

• Gas in Gas = Air (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide).

• Everything Mixes = Describes the general behavior of solutions.

Concentration Terms

Types: Molarity, Molality, Mole Fraction, Mass Percentage

Mnemonic: "Mona Mixes Magical Potions"

Breakdown:

• Mona - Molarity
• Mixes - Molality
• Magical - Mole Fraction
• Potions - Mass Percentage

Molarity (M) and Molality (m)

Mnemonic: "Moles per Liter for Molarity, Moles per Kg for Molality!"
Explanation:

• Moles per Liter for Molarity = Molarity (M) is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

• Moles per Kg for Molality = Molality (m) is the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.

Factors Affecting Solubility

Types: Temperature, Pressure, Nature of Solute/Solvent

Mnemonic: "Tara Presses New Syrups"

Breakdown:

• Tara - Temperature
• Presses - Pressure
• New Syrups - Nature of Solute/Solvent

Colligative Properties

Types: Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure, Elevation of Boiling Point, Depression of Freezing Point, Osmotic Pressure

Mnemonic: "Ravi Lifts Bright Dreams, Oli Pushes"

Breakdown:

• Ravi Lifts - Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure
• Bright - Elevation of Boiling Point
• Dreams - Depression of Freezing Point
• Oli Pushes - Osmotic Pressure

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure

Mnemonic:
"Solvent Moves, Pressure Builds, Osmosis Fulfills!"
Explanation:

• Solvent Moves = Osmosis is the movement of solvent from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a semipermeable membrane.

• Pressure Builds = Osmotic pressure is the pressure needed to stop osmosis.

• Osmosis Fulfills = Osmosis helps maintain equilibrium in biological systems and is a colligative property.

Henry’s Law

Mnemonic: "Higher Pressure, More Bubbles"

Explanation:

• Henry’s Law: C = kP
• C – Concentration of gas
• P – Partial pressure of gas
• Helps you link gas solubility to pressure in drinks like soda cans. As pressure increases, the solubility of the gas in the liquid increases. At higher pressure, more gas can dissolve in the liquid, and at lower pressure, less gas will dissolve.

Raoult’s Law Components

Types: Vapour Pressure, Mole Fraction

Mnemonic: "Vicky Molds Fancies"

Breakdown:

• Vicky - Vapour Pressure
• Molds Fancies - Mole Fraction

Ideal vs Non-Ideal Solutions

Types: Ideal, Positive Deviation, Negative Deviation

Mnemonic: "Isha Paints Neon Designs"

Breakdown:

• Isha - Ideal
• Paints - Positive Deviation
• Neon Designs - Negative Deviation

Methods to Express Concentration

Types: Normality, ppm (Parts Per Million), Volume Percentage

Mnemonic: "Nina Pours Perfect Vials"

Breakdown:

• Nina - Normality
• Pours - ppm (Parts Per Million)
• Perfect Vials - Volume Percentage

Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes

Mnemonic: "Electrolytes Break, Current Flows, Nonelectrolytes Keep Still!"
Explanation:

• Electrolytes Break = Electrolytes dissociate into ions in solution, allowing current to flow.

• Current Flows = Electrolytes conduct electricity.

• Nonelectrolytes Keep Still = Nonelectrolytes do not dissociate and do not conduct electricity.