GRE RC for Practice - 5 | Verbal Reasoning for GRE PDF Download

Passage 1

Artificial intelligence (AI) has begun to revolutionize the healthcare industry, with applications ranging from diagnostics and treatment recommendations to administrative tasks like scheduling and patient data management. AI’s potential to improve patient outcomes is particularly significant in areas like radiology, where machine learning algorithms can analyze medical images with a level of accuracy that rivals human doctors. However, the integration of AI into healthcare is not without controversy, particularly in terms of patient privacy, data security, and the potential for job displacement.
One of the central concerns is the ethical dilemma surrounding AI’s ability to make medical decisions. While AI systems can analyze vast amounts of data and identify patterns that humans might miss, they lack the nuanced understanding of human emotions, context, and ethics that healthcare providers offer. The fear that AI could make critical decisions without human oversight has raised questions about accountability and transparency, especially if an AI system were to make a life-or-death decision.
Moreover, the implementation of AI in healthcare raises significant privacy concerns. Medical data is highly sensitive, and the use of AI requires access to vast amounts of personal health information. While AI developers and healthcare providers argue that robust safeguards are in place, many patients remain wary of how their data will be used and whether it will be adequately protected from cyber threats.

Q1: According to the passage, what is one primary concern about the use of AI in healthcare?
(a) AI’s inability to handle administrative tasks like scheduling
(b) The possibility of AI systems making life-or-death medical decisions without oversight
(c) The efficiency of AI in analyzing medical data
(d) The lack of trained professionals to operate AI systems
(e) The inability of AI to reduce healthcare costs effectively
Ans: (b) 

Q2: How does the passage characterize the role of AI in diagnosing medical conditions?
(a) AI is seen as a replacement for human doctors in diagnosing diseases.
(b) AI is considered a tool that enhances the diagnostic abilities of healthcare providers.
(c) AI is still in the early stages of development and cannot be used in diagnostics.
(d) AI is only useful in administrative tasks like scheduling appointments.
(e) AI is expected to completely take over diagnostic responsibilities in the future.
Ans: (b)

Q3: What is the primary ethical issue related to AI’s role in decision-making, according to the passage?
(a) AI’s inability to analyze large datasets effectively
(b) AI’s lack of emotional understanding and ethical judgment
(c) The inability of AI to assist in healthcare administration
(d) AI’s inefficiency in medical imaging analysis
(e) The overuse of AI in non-critical healthcare environments
Ans: (b)

Q4: What does the passage suggest about patient privacy in the context of AI use?
(a) AI will make healthcare data more accessible to patients.
(b) Patients are generally unconcerned about the privacy of their health information.
(c) AI use in healthcare raises significant concerns about data security and privacy.
(d) AI developers are not concerned about privacy issues.
(e) AI will eliminate the need for patient consent for data use.
Ans: (c) 

Q5: According to the passage, how do patients generally feel about the use of AI in healthcare?
(a) They fully trust AI systems to make medical decisions.
(b) They are concerned about how their personal health data will be used.
(c) They are indifferent to the integration of AI in healthcare.
(d) They are enthusiastic about the potential for AI to lower healthcare costs.
(e) They are largely supportive of AI in administrative tasks but wary of medical decision-making.
Ans: (b) 

Passage 2

The advent of CRISPR-Cas9, a groundbreaking genetic editing tool, has spurred both excitement and controversy in the scientific community. This technology allows scientists to precisely alter the DNA of living organisms, with the potential to cure genetic diseases, enhance human traits, and even create designer babies. However, the ethical implications of editing human embryos are profound and contentious. Many fear that this technology could lead to unintended consequences, such as the creation of genetic inequalities, eugenics, or the potential for modifying intelligence, physical appearance, and other heritable traits.
One of the main ethical concerns centers on the lack of consensus on what constitutes a "good" genetic modification. While some argue that it is our moral obligation to eliminate debilitating genetic diseases, others worry that genetic editing could be misused to create so-called "perfect" humans. The line between medical necessity and enhancement is murky, and many experts caution that we could be setting a dangerous precedent if we begin modifying traits that go beyond curing disease.
Governments and regulatory bodies have been slow to create comprehensive frameworks for the responsible use of genetic editing, as the pace of technological advancement far outstrips the ability of policymakers to keep up. Without proper regulation, there is a significant risk of unethical use in both the private and public sectors. As researchers push forward with experimental genetic editing on embryos, the question remains: can we ensure that this technology is used for the greater good, or will it spiral into a dystopian future of genetic inequality?
Q6: According to the passage, which of the following is the most prominent ethical concern regarding genetic editing in human embryos?
(a) The potential for creating genetic inequalities
(b) The difficulty in identifying appropriate genetic modifications
(c) The rapid pace of technological advancements in CRISPR
(d) The possibility of creating "perfect" humans
(e) The slow development of regulatory frameworks for genetic editing
Ans: (a)

Q7: What is implied about the relationship between genetic editing and the concept of "enhancement"?
(a) There is widespread agreement on the ethical necessity of enhancing human traits.
(b) Genetic enhancement is seen as a dangerous, unnecessary application of CRISPR.
(c) The potential for enhancement is widely supported by researchers.
(d) The line between medical necessity and enhancement is clear and well-defined.
(e) Enhancement of intelligence and physical traits is generally welcomed by society.
Ans: (b) 

Q8: According to the passage, why have governments been slow to regulate genetic editing technologies?
(a) Genetic editing is too experimental to warrant regulation.
(b) Politicians do not understand the science behind CRISPR.
(c) The technology is advancing too quickly for lawmakers to keep pace.
(d) There is a widespread reluctance to intervene in scientific progress.
(e) Ethical concerns are not taken seriously in policy discussions.
Ans: (c)

Q9: The passage suggests that the debate surrounding genetic editing is primarily:
(a) About enhancing human capabilities for societal advancement
(b) Focused on eliminating genetic diseases without altering physical traits
(c) Concerned with the control of genetic editing in private sectors
(d) Centered on moral questions about "designer babies"
(e) Focused on increasing government involvement in genetic research
Ans: (d)

Q10: The passage implies that the use of CRISPR technology without proper regulation could lead to:
(a) Increased global equity and genetic diversity
(b) Unintended harm due to unchecked genetic experimentation
(c) The universal eradication of genetic diseases
(d) Greater collaboration between governments and tech companies
(e) A harmonious global solution to genetic inequalities
Ans: (b)