Class 7 Social Science Chapter 2 Worksheet Solutions - Understanding the Weather

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1: Which layer of the atmosphere is responsible for weather phenomena?
a) Stratosphere
b) Thermosphere
c) Troposphere
d) Mesosphere
Ans: c) Troposphere

Weather events like rain and wind occur in the troposphere, the lowest layer of the atmosphere.

Troposphere

Q2: Which instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
a) Thermometer
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Anemometer
Ans: b) Barometer

A barometer measures air pressure, helping predict storms and depressions.

Q3: What is the unit of measurement for rainfall in a rain gauge?
a) Kilometers
b) Degrees
c) Millimeters
d) Millibars
Ans: c) Millimeters

Rainfall is measured by the depth of water collected, usually in millimeters.

Q4: Which weather condition is caused by low atmospheric pressure?
a) Snowfall
b) Depression
c) Fog
d) Lightning
Ans: b) Depression

Depressions are areas of low pressure that often lead to storms or cyclones.

Cyclones

Q5: Which of the following instruments is used to measure humidity?
a) Hygrometer
b) Thermometer
c) Barometer
d) Wind Vane
Ans: a) Hygrometer

A hygrometer measures the amount of water vapor in the air.

Q6: What is used to measure wind speed?
a) Wind Vane
b) Barometer
c) Anemometer
d) Rain Gauge
Ans: c) Anemometer

An anemometer uses rotating cups to measure wind speed in km/h.

Q7: What is the normal atmospheric pressure at sea level?
a) 1000 mb
b) 650 mb
c) 1013 mb
d) 950 mb
Ans: c) 1013 mb

Standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is about 1013 millibars.

Q8: Which state has high humidity, making clothes dry slower?
a) Delhi
b) Jaipur
c) Kochi
d) Shimla
Ans: c) Kochi

Kochi, being coastal, has high humidity around 84%, slowing evaporation.

Q9: Which of the following best describes weather?
a) Monthly climate of a region
b) Permanent atmospheric condition
c) Short-term atmospheric condition
d) Long-term rainfall pattern
Ans: c) Short-term atmospheric condition

Weather refers to atmospheric conditions at a specific time and place.

Q10: Which department in India issues weather warnings?
a) IMD
b) WHO
c) NDRF
d) UNESCO
Ans: a) IMD

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) was set up in 1875 to predict weather and issue warnings.

Fill in the Blanks

Q1: The __________ is the lowest layer of the atmosphere where all weather happens.
Ans: Troposphere

Weather events occur in the troposphere, which is closest to Earth.

Q2: A __________ is used to measure temperature.
Ans: Thermometer

Thermometers show how hot or cold the air is.

Q3: A rain gauge measures __________ in millimeters.
Ans: Precipitation

Rainfall is measured by the rain gauge in terms of water depth.

Q4: __________ is the weight of air pressing down on the Earth's surface.
Ans: Atmospheric Pressure

This pressure changes with height and is measured in millibars.

Q5: The __________ measures wind direction.
Ans: Wind Vane

A wind vane shows from which direction the wind is blowing.

Q6: The instrument used to measure wind speed is the __________.
Ans: Anemometer

Anemometers measure how fast the wind is blowing.

Aemometer

Q7: The __________ measures humidity in the air.
Ans: Hygrometer

Humidity is measured using a hygrometer, important for weather forecasts.

Q8: __________ stations combine instruments to measure all weather elements.
Ans: Weather

Weather stations record temperature, humidity, wind, rainfall, and pressure.

Q9: The mean daily temperature is calculated by adding maximum and minimum temperatures and dividing by __________.
Ans: Two

This gives the average temperature of the day.

Q10: High humidity __________ the rate of evaporation.
Ans: Decreases

When air is full of water vapor, evaporation slows down.

Very Short Answer Questions 

Q1: What is the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level?
Ans: 1013 millibars.

Q2: Which tool is used to measure rainfall?
Ans: Rain gauge.

Q3: Name the instrument used to measure humidity.
Ans: Hygrometer.

Q4: In which Indian city was an AWS set up in 2023 at over 4800 meters?
Ans: Sikkim.

Q5: What does IMD stand for?
Ans: India Meteorological Department.

Short Answer Questions 

Q1: Why are weather predictions important?
Ans: Weather predictions help people prepare for natural events like storms, droughts, or heat waves and ensure safety in fields like farming, aviation, and disaster management.

Q2: What does an anemometer do and how does it work?
Ans: An anemometer measures wind speed using rotating cups—the faster they spin, the stronger the wind.

Q3: How does atmospheric pressure affect mountaineers?
Ans: At high altitudes, pressure drops and oxygen becomes scarce, causing breathlessness for mountaineers and soldiers.

Q4: What is the role of AWS in weather monitoring?
Ans: An Automated Weather Station records weather data using sensors without human help, providing accurate information for forecasting and agriculture.

Q5: How is humidity measured and why is it important?
Ans: Humidity is measured with a hygrometer and is vital in weather forecasting, preserving materials in museums, and in industries.

Match the Following 

(Match Column A with the correct option in Column B)

Ans: Matched Pairs and Explanations:

• 1 → C: Anemometers measure wind speed with spinning cups.
• 2 → A: Hygrometers are used to check humidity levels in the air.
• 3 → B: Rain gauges collect and measure rainfall in millimeters.
• 4 → D: Barometers record atmospheric pressure to forecast storms.
• 5 → E: Thermometers are used for measuring air temperature.