The World of Plants Chapter Notes | Environmental Studies Class 1 ICSE PDF Download

Introduction

Plants are all around us, and they are so important! They give us food, air to breathe, and make our world beautiful with their colors. In this chapter, we will learn about different parts of a plant, what they do, and the types of plants like tall trees, small herbs, and climbing plants. We will also see how plants make their food using sunlight and water. Let’s explore the amazing world of plants together!

Parts of a Plant

A plant has many parts, and each part helps the plant to live and grow.

Roots

• ​Roots grow under the ground.
• Roots hold the plant tight in the soil so it does not fall.
• Roots take water and food from the soil to help the plant grow.

Stem

• ​The stem is the part above the ground that holds the plant up.
• The stem carries food and water from the roots to the leaves.
• The stem also carries food from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Leaves

• ​Leaves are green and make food for the plant.
• Leaves use sunlight, air, and water to make food.

Flowers

• ​Flowers grow on the plant and are very pretty.
• Flowers make fruits for the plant.

Fruits

• ​A fruit has seeds inside it.
• We eat many fruits like apples and mangoes.

Seeds

• ​Seeds are inside the fruit.
• Seeds can grow into new plants when we plant them in the soil.

Types of Plants

Plants are of different types. Some are big, some are small, and some climb or creep!

Trees

• ​Trees are very big and tall plants.
• Trees have a thick, brown, and woody stem called a trunk.
• Trees have many branches that have leaves, flowers, and fruits.
• Trees have strong roots to hold them tightly in the ground.
• Trees live for many years.
• Examples of trees are mango, banyan, coconut, and neem.

Shrubs

• ​Shrubs are smaller than trees.
• Shrubs have many thin, brown, and woody stems.
• Shrubs are also called bushes.
• Most shrubs live only for a few years.
• Examples of shrubs are rose, sunflower, and hibiscus.

Herbs

• ​Herbs are very small plants.
• Herbs have thin, green, and soft stems.
• Herbs have a very short life and die after making flowers.
• Herbs live only for three to four months.
• Examples of herbs are coriander, mint, and grass.

Climbers

• ​Climbers are plants with weak stems.
• Climbers cannot stand straight on their own.
• Climbers climb on other plants, sticks, or walls to grow.
• Examples of climbers are pea plant, grapevine, and money plant.

Creepers

• ​Creepers have weak stems and thin branches.
• Creepers grow along the ground.
• Creepers usually have big fruits.
• Examples of creepers are gourd, pumpkin, and watermelon.

Food for Plants

• Leaves are like a kitchen for green plants.
• Leaves make food for the plant using sunlight, air, and water.
• The stem carries the food from the leaves to all other parts of the plant.
• Food made by leaves is stored in stems, leaves, fruits, flowers, and seeds.
• This food-making process in plants is called photosynthesis.