English Grammar and Vocabulary | GK Olympiad for Class 2 PDF Download

Introduction

• In this document, you will explore important topics like nouns (words for people, places, and things), verbs (action words), and adjectives (words that describe). 
• It also includes fun word lists about animals, food, family, and school to help you learn new words.

1. Nouns

A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.

Examples

• Person: boy, girl, teacher, doctor
• Place: school, park, city, country
• Thing: book, pen, car, tree
• Idea: happiness, freedom, love

Extra: Singular and Plural

• Singular Noun: One person, place, or thing (e.g., cat, city, book)
• Plural Noun: More than one (e.g., cats, cities, books)

2. Pronouns

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.

Examples

• Personal Pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they
• Possessive Pronouns: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs

Vocabulary

• Personal Pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they
• Possessive Pronouns: mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs

3. Adjectives

An adjective is a word that describes a noun.

Examples

• The big dog
• A small cat
• A happy child

Vocabulary

• Size: big, small, tall, short
• Color: red, blue, green, yellow
• Feeling: happy, sad, angry, excited
• Quality: good, bad, beautiful, ugly

4. Verbs

A verb is a word that shows action or a state of being.

Examples

• Action Verbs: run, jump, eat, sleep
• State of Being Verbs: is, am, are, was, were

Vocabulary

• Action Verbs: walk, talk, sing, dance, play
• State of Being Verbs: is, am, are, was, were, will be, shall be

5. Articles

Articles are words that come before nouns to show whether the noun is specific or general.

Types

• Definite Article: the (used for specific things)
• Indefinite Articles: a, an (used for general things)

Examples

• The book (specific)
• A book (general)
• An apple (general)

Vocabulary

• Use a before words starting with a consonant sound: a cat, a dog
• Use an before words starting with a vowel sound: an apple, an elephant
• Use the for specific things: the sun, the moon

6. Prepositions

A preposition shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence.

Examples

• in, on, under, beside, between

Vocabulary

• Location: in the box, on the table, under the bed
• Time: in the morning, on Monday, at night

7. Opposites

Opposites are words that have opposite meanings.

Examples

• Hot - Cold
• Big - Small
• Happy - Sad

Vocabulary

• Up - Down
• In - Out
• Fast - Slow
• Day - Night

Important Vocabulary

Learning vocabulary in themes can make it easier to remember. Here are some themed word lists:

1. Animals:

• Domestic: dog, cat, cow, horse
• Wild: lion, tiger, elephant, giraffe
• Birds: parrot, eagle, sparrow, owl

2. Food:

• Fruits: apple, banana, orange, grape
• Vegetables: carrot, potato, tomato, broccoli
• Sweets: candy, chocolate, ice cream, cake

3. Family:

• Parents: mother, father
• Siblings: brother, sister
• Grandparents: grandfather, grandmother

4. School:

• Subjects: math, science, English, art
• Supplies: Pencil, Book, notebook, eraser.