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Infographics: Genetic Variation | Biology Class 12 - NEET PDF Download

Infographics: Genetic Variation | Biology Class 12 - NEET

The document Infographics: Genetic Variation | Biology Class 12 - NEET is a part of the NEET Course Biology Class 12.
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FAQs on Infographics: Genetic Variation - Biology Class 12 - NEET

1. What is genetic variation and why is it important for populations?
Ans. Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population. It is important because it provides the raw material for evolution, allowing populations to adapt to changing environments and survive against diseases. High genetic variation enhances a population's resilience and ability to thrive.
2. How does genetic variation occur within a species?
Ans. Genetic variation occurs through several mechanisms, including mutations, gene flow, and sexual reproduction. Mutations introduce new alleles into a population's gene pool, gene flow allows for the exchange of genetic material between populations, and sexual reproduction mixes alleles from two parents, creating unique combinations in offspring.
3. What role does natural selection play in genetic variation?
Ans. Natural selection acts on genetic variation by favoring individuals with advantageous traits that enhance survival and reproduction. Over time, these traits become more common in the population, leading to evolutionary changes. This process ensures that populations are better adapted to their environments.
4. How can genetic variation be measured in a population?
Ans. Genetic variation can be measured using various methods, including calculating allele frequencies, assessing heterozygosity (the presence of different alleles at a gene locus), and analyzing genetic markers such as microsatellites or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These measurements provide insights into the genetic health and diversity of a population.
5. What are some examples of genetic variation in humans?
Ans. Examples of genetic variation in humans include differences in traits such as eye color, blood type, and susceptibility to certain diseases. Variability in genes associated with immune response, for instance, can determine how individuals react to infections or vaccines, highlighting the significance of genetic variation in human health.
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