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Practice Question - 18 (Circular Arrangement) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation PDF Download

Eight benches—J, K, L, T, U, X, Y, and Z are arranged along the perimeter of a park as shown below:
Practice Question - 18 (Circular Arrangement) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationThe following is true:

I. J, K, and L are green; T and U are red; X, Y, and Z are pink.
II. The green benches stand next to one another along the park’s perimeter.
III. The pink benches stand next to one another along the park’s perimeter.
IV. No green bench stands next to a pink bench. The bench on the southeast corner is T.
V. J stands at the center of the park’s north side.
VI. If T stands next to X, then T does not also stand next to L.

1. Which one of the following benches could be on the northeast corner of the park?
A. Z
B. Y
C. X
D. T
E. L

2. Each of the following statements must be true EXCEPT:
A. The bench on the northwest corner is pink.
B. The bench on the northeast corner is green.
C. The bench on the southwest corner is pink.
D. The middle bench on the east side of the park is green.
E. The middle bench on the west side of the park is pink.

3. Which one of the following benches must be next to J?
A. K
B. L
C. T
D. U
E. X

4. For which one of the following benches are there two and no more than two locations either one of which could be the location the bench occupies?
A. K
B. T
C. X
D. Y
E. Z

5. If Z is directly north of Y, which one of the following statements must be true?
A. J is directly west of K.
B. K is directly east of U.
C. U is directly north of X.
D. X is directly south of J.
E. Z is directly south of J.

6. If Y is in the middle of the west side of the park, then the two benches in which one of the following pairs CANNOT be two of the corner benches?
A. K and X
B. K and Z
C. L and U
D. L and X
E. L and Z

7. If Y is farther south than L and farther north than T, then the benches in each of the following pairs must be next to each other EXCEPT
A. J and L
B. K and T
C. T and X
D. U and Y
E. X and Z

Practice Question - 18 (Circular Arrangement) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationView Answer  Practice Question - 18 (Circular Arrangement) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

The Action: Nothing could be clearer than the simple opening sentence and accompanying sketch. We have to place the eight benches around the park, one for each of those large black dots. Peeking ahead at the first indented rule tells us that it’s a little more complicated than one bench/one spot—we have to consider the colors of the benches as well—but still and all, the overall task should be blazingly clear, as are the Key Issues:

1) Which benches must, cannot, or can be placed in a certain location?

2) What is the relationship of each bench color to the other colors in terms of placement?

The Initial Setup: Indented Rule 1 comes into play here, of course. You want to make a roster of the entities, and perhaps you found a way to distinguish among the different colors. Often, when there are two types of entities we can get by with using caps and lowercase, but the problem of representing the third type here may have made the whole thing too complicated. For the sake of this explanation, we’ll simply keep them all in caps:
Practice Question - 18 (Circular Arrangement) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

The Rules:
5) places T in the lower right corner. Draw T there, and cross T off the master roster.

6) In the same way, we can place J where the rule indicates, right at the printed word “North.” Cross J off the roster too.

2) tells us that J, K, and L all stand adjacent to each other. Now that we have seen that J stands in the middle of the north edge, we know that K and L will stand nearby. But where? Too early to tell. Keep in mind, though, the JKL relationship.

3) is similar to Rule 2: The pink benches, namely X, Y, and Z, also have to be placed in three adjacent slots; though, again, we cannot know in what order.

4) is key. The green and pink benches can’t stand next to each other. So our 3 greens in a row cannot stand next to our 3 pinks in a row. What’s going to separate them? Has to be the red ones, no? In other words, we’re going to have to have a red bench, the three greens, then the other red, then the three pinks. There’s no other way. Check it out.

Check out, too, how sometimes one is moved to proceed into Step 4 of the Kaplan Method before Step 3 (the work with the individual rules) is done.

7) doesn’t help us very much, being highly conditional. If T and X are adjacent, then we cannot have T adjacent to L. Beyond that, we ought to think through and jot down the contrapositive (If we ever see TL, then we cannot have TX) and leave it go until it has to be brought into play. For now, there’s more to be done in Step 4.

Key Deductions: We’ve seen that the red benches will be needed to separate our consecutive green and pink benches. Now we need to recall that one of those two red benches, T, stands in the southeast corner. It follows that to the left of ‘t’ will be one of our consecutive trios, either the greens or pinks, and to the right, the other consecutive trio. This leaves the northwest corner open, and one and only one red bench to fill it. It’s a huge deduction that bench U must stand in the northwest corner, and hopefully this was the deduction you made and incorporated right into the picture on the page.
At the same time, J stands up there too. So we know (relatively) where the greens go, and hence where the pinks go. Be as definite as you can:
Practice Question - 18 (Circular Arrangement) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

The Final Visualization: Rule 7 now makes a bit more sense: If T stands next to X, the rule says, then L doesn’t stand next to T...which will mean that K does stand next to T, since that’s the only other contender. But again, that’s much more “what if” speculative work than we need to engage in. When Rule 7 comes into play, we’ll know it. Let’s first get some “gimmes.”

Ans. 1 (E)
Our sketch makes clear that one of the two green benches K or L has to stand in the northeast corner. They chose the latter for correct choice (E).
(A), (B), (C) As we deduced above and represented in the Final Visualization, these three pink benches have to occupy the bottom left corner of the square.
(D) Rule 5 requires us to place T at the southeast corner.

Ans. 2 (A)
Since the four wrong choices are positively-true statements, it follows that the correct answer is either downright false, or only possibly true. We get the former in correct choice (A): As we deduced above, the bench in the northwest corner is red bench U.
(B)(D) Yes, each of these benches is green: K and L in either order.
(C), (E) Yes, these two benches, along with the middle bench on the south side, are all pink benches X, Y, and Z in some order.

Ans. 3 (D)
Ka-ching! The sketch instantly reveals our Big Deduction that U, in the northwest corner, stands next to J. Either K (A) or L (B) must stand on the other side of J in the northeast corner, but we cannot tell which. And T (C) and X (E) are safely separated from J.

Ans. 4 (A)
Reading comprehension is the key here. We are asked for a bench that has exactly two possible locations: not one, as T (B) has, or three, as X, Y, and Z have (C), (D), and (E). As we’ve seen in the setup and again in Q. 1, K and L will occupy the two spots between J and T on the east side of the park, but we can’t be sure which stands where. And as with Q. 1, either K or L could’ve been chosen as the answer; this time they happen to have chosen K for correct choice (A).

Ans. 5 (D)
Before you draw anything, take a look at the master sketch with this question’s if-clause in mind. We see where the three pink benches are: the southwest corner, and the spots on either side of it. How, then, can pink Z stand directly north of pink Y? Only one way: if Y stands at the southwest corner, and Z stands right above it. This leaves X for the middle of the south row, next to T...and if we are keeping an eye on the choices, we see that (D) is true. As the bench in the middle of the south row, X is in fact due south of J, the bench in the middle of the north row.
If you didn’t stop to check the choices, there’s more work that can be done. Since T here stands next to X, L cannot; which in turn means that K must stand next to T, leaving L for the northeast corner. Many of the wrong choices hinge on all of that:
(A) No, J is northwest of K.
(B) No, K is southeast of U.
(C) No, U is northwest of X.
(E) No, Z is southwest of J.

Ans. 6 (B)
Immediately draw your eight dots next to the question, enter Y where you’re told to, and recopy what you already know:

Practice Question - 18 (Circular Arrangement) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationWe’re looking for a pair of benches that CANNOT stand in the corners, and notice that the only rule still up in the air is the last one. The big insight here is realizing that one of the choices must force a violation of Rule 7. And (B) certainly would: If Z and K are in the southwest and northeast corners, respectively, then we are left with X and L standing next to T—which is specifically prohibited by Rule 7.

Ans. 7 (C)
Check your master sketch for the possibilities for Y, L, and T. The only way for Y to simultaneously stand farther south than L and farther north than T is if their position is:

Practice Question - 18 (Circular Arrangement) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationYou can enter in the other data we know for sure: U in the northwest corner; J standing between U and L; now we know that K has to stand between L and T on the eastern side. The only uncertainty is between X and Z; there’s no danger of violating Rule 7 now that T and L are separated, so X and Z can take the two remaining spots in either order. As a result (C) is correct, since X CAN stand next to T but need not. All of the other choices are adjacent pairs. (Note, for (E), that no matter in which order we place X and Z, they’re still adjacent.)

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FAQs on Practice Question - 18 (Circular Arrangement) - 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

1. What is a circular arrangement in the context of logical reasoning?
Ans. A circular arrangement refers to a type of problem in logical reasoning where a group of people or objects are arranged in a circle. The challenge often involves determining the positions of the individuals or items based on given clues or conditions. It is a common topic in competitive exams and requires careful analysis of the information provided to solve the arrangement.
2. How can one effectively solve circular arrangement problems?
Ans. To effectively solve circular arrangement problems, one should follow these steps: 1. Read all the clues carefully and note down the information. 2. Visualize the arrangement by drawing a circle and marking positions. 3. Start placing the known individuals or objects based on the clues. 4. Use a process of elimination for the unknowns based on the remaining clues. 5. Double-check the arrangement to ensure it satisfies all the given conditions.
3. What are the common types of questions asked in circular arrangement problems?
Ans. Common types of questions in circular arrangement problems include: 1. Identifying the position of a specific individual or object. 2. Determining who sits next to whom. 3. Finding out the relative positions of multiple individuals or objects. 4. Discovering the total number of arrangements possible under given conditions. 5. Establishing the position of individuals based on certain rules or restrictions.
4. Are there any specific strategies to improve speed and accuracy in solving these problems?
Ans. Yes, there are several strategies to enhance speed and accuracy in solving circular arrangement problems: 1. Practice regularly to become familiar with common patterns. 2. Use shorthand notation for clues to save time while writing. 3. Break down complex clues into simpler components. 4. Familiarize yourself with different types of arrangements, such as clockwise and counterclockwise. 5. Work on time management by setting a timer during practice sessions to simulate exam conditions.
5. How important is understanding circular arrangements for competitive exams?
Ans. Understanding circular arrangements is crucial for competitive exams as it often appears in the logical reasoning section. Mastery of this topic can enhance problem-solving skills, improve analytical thinking, and significantly contribute to overall performance in the exam. Since these problems require both logical deduction and spatial visualization, they help test takers develop essential skills that are valuable not only in exams but also in real-life situations.
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