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Practice Question - 34 (Quant Based DI) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation PDF Download

Instruction:

An ATM dispenses exactly Rs. 5000 per withdrawal using 100, 200 and 500 rupee notes. The ATM requires every customer to give her preference for one of the three denominations of notes. It then dispenses notes such that the number of notes of the customer’s preferred denomination exceeds the total number of notes of other denominations dispensed to her.

Q1: In how many different ways can the ATM serve a customer who gives 500 rupee notes as her preference?

Practice Question - 34 (Quant Based DI) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationView Answer  Practice Question - 34 (Quant Based DI) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Ans: 7

It has been given that the customer gives 500 rupee notes as her preferred denomination. Therefore, the number of 500 rupee notes dispensed must be greater than the number of the notes of other denominations dispensed.

If Rs.3500 is dispensed as 500 rupee notes (7 notes), the remaining 1500 rupees should be dispensed using Rs.100 and Rs.200 notes. The minimum number of notes of other denomination required in this case will be 8 (7*200 + 1*100). Therefore, at least Rs.4000 should be dispensed as 500 rupee notes. 

Case (1):
Rs.4000 is dispensed using 500 rupee notes, 8 five hundred rupee notes will be dispensed. 
The remaining 1000 rupees cannot be fully dispensed as 100 rupee notes (since 10 notes will be required).
If 800 rupees is dispensed as 100 rupee notes, then 9 notes will be required to dispense 1000 rupees (8*100+200). 
Therefore, we can eliminate these 2 cases. 
If 600 rupees is dispensed using 100 rupee notes, then a minimum of 8 notes will be required to dispense 1000 rupees (6*100 + 2*200). Therefore, we can eliminate this case as well. 

If 400 rupees is dispensed using 100 rupee notes, then 7 notes will be required (4*100+3*200). This is a valid case.
If 200 rupees is dispensed using 100 rupee notes, then 6 notes will be required (2*100+4*200). This is a valid case. 
1000 rupees can be dispensed using 5 notes of Rs.200. 
Therefore, there are 3 valid cases. 

Case (2):
Rs.4500 is dispensed using 500 rupee notes. 9 five hundred rupee notes will be dispensed in this case. 
The remaining 500 rupees can be dispensed as 100 rupee notes ( 5 notes) or a combination of 100 rupee and 200 rupee notes.
200*a + 100*b = 500
'a' can take 0, 1, and 2.
Therefore, there are 3 valid cases.

Case (3):
5000 rupees is dispensed using 10 five hundred rupee notes. 
There is only 1 valid case. 
Total number of valid cases = 3+3+1 = 7. 
Therefore, 7 is the right answer. 

Q2: If the ATM could serve only 10 customers with a stock of fifty 500 rupee notes and a sufficient number of notes of other denominations, what is the maximum number of customers among these 10 who could have given 500 rupee notes as their preferences?

Practice Question - 34 (Quant Based DI) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationView Answer  Practice Question - 34 (Quant Based DI) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Ans: 6
If a customer gives 500 rupee notes as her preferred denomination, the number of 500 rupee notes dispensed must be greater than the number of the notes of other denominations dispensed.
If Rs.3500 is dispensed as 500 rupee notes (7 notes), the remaining 1500 rupees should be dispensed using Rs.100 and Rs.200 notes. The minimum number of notes of other denomination required in this case will be 8 (7*200 + 1*100). Therefore, at least Rs.4000 should be dispensed as 500 rupee notes. 

Case (1):
Rs.4000 is dispensed using 500 rupee notes, 8 five hundred rupee notes will be dispensed. 
The remaining 1000 rupees cannot be fully dispensed as 100 rupee notes (since 10 notes will be required).
If 800 rupees is dispensed as 100 rupee notes, then 9 notes will be required to dispense 1000 rupees (8*100+200). 
Therefore, we can eliminate these 2 cases. 
If 600 rupees is dispensed using 100 rupee notes, then a minimum of 8 notes will be required to dispense 1000 rupees (6*100 + 2*200). Therefore, we can eliminate this case as well. 
If 400 rupees is dispensed using 100 rupee notes, then 7 notes will be required (4*100+3*200). This is a valid case.
If 200 rupees is dispensed using 100 rupee notes, then 6 notes will be required (2*100+4*200). This is a valid case. 
1000 rupees can be dispensed using 5 notes of Rs.200. 

Therefore, there are 3 valid cases. 

Case (2):
Rs.4500 is dispensed using 500 rupee notes. 9 five hundred rupee notes will be dispensed in this case. 
The remaining 500 rupees can be dispensed as 100 rupee notes ( 5 notes) or a combination of 100 rupee and 200 rupee notes.
200*a + 100*b = 500
'a' can take 0, 1, and 2.
Therefore, there are 3 valid cases.

Case (3):
5000 rupees is dispensed using 10 five hundred rupee notes. 
There is only 1 valid case. 
It has been given that the ATM could serve only 10 customers with a stock of fifty 500 rupee notes. We have to find the maximum number of customers who could have given Rs.500 as their preference. 
The least number of 500 rupee notes required to serve a customer who has given Rs.500 as the preference is 8. Using 50 five hundred rupee notes, we can serve [50/8] = 6 customers. Therefore, 6 is the correct answer. 

Q3: What is the maximum number of customers that the ATM can serve with a stock of fifty 500 rupee notes and a sufficient number of notes of other denominations, if all the customers are to be served with at most 20 notes per withdrawal?
(a) 12
(b) 10
(c) 13
(d) 16

Practice Question - 34 (Quant Based DI) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationView Answer  Practice Question - 34 (Quant Based DI) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Ans: (a)

It has been given that the customer has to receive 20 notes at the maximum. Also, we have restriction on the number of 500 rupee notes (fifty) but we do not have any restriction on the number of notes of other denominations. Therefore, in order to serve the maximum number of customers, we have to minimize the number of 500 rupee notes dispensed as much as possible. 
If no 500 rupee note is dispensed, then a minimum of 25 notes will be required (25 200 rupee notes).
If one 500 rupee note is dispensed, then a minimum of one 100 rupee note and twenty two 200 rupee notes will be required. The total number of notes required = 1 + 1 + 22 = 24. Therefore, we can eliminate this case. 
If two 500 rupee notes are dispensed, then a minimum of 20 two hundred rupee notes will be required. We can eliminate this case as well since the number of notes required is greater than 20. 
If three 500 rupee notes are dispensed, then a minimum of 1 hundred rupee note and 17 two hundred rupee notes will be required. The number of notes required in this case is 3+1+17 = 21. Therefore, we can eliminate this case as well.
If four 500 rupee notes are dispensed, then a minimum of 15 two hundred rupee notes will be required. Total number of notes required in this case is 4+15 = 19 < 20. Therefore, this is a valid case. 
The least number of 500 rupee notes with which we can serve a customer such that the total number of notes dispensed does not exceed 20 is 4. Therefore, a maximum of [50/4] = 12 customers can be served with 50 five hundred rupee notes and hence, option A is the right answer.

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FAQs on Practice Question - 34 (Quant Based DI) - 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

1. What is the structure of the Quant Based Data Interpretation section in the CAT exam?
Ans. The Quant Based Data Interpretation section in the CAT exam typically consists of several sets of data presented in various formats, such as tables, graphs, or charts. Each set is followed by questions that assess a candidate's ability to interpret the data quantitatively. The questions may require calculations, comparisons, or logical deductions based on the provided data.
2. How can I effectively prepare for the Quant Based Data Interpretation section?
Ans. To prepare effectively for the Quant Based Data Interpretation section, candidates should practice a variety of data interpretation formats, including line graphs, bar charts, pie charts, and tables. Regular practice with mock tests and previous years' papers can help improve speed and accuracy. Additionally, focusing on enhancing numerical skills and understanding statistical concepts can also be beneficial.
3. What types of questions are commonly asked in the Quant Based Data Interpretation section?
Ans. Common types of questions in the Quant Based Data Interpretation section include those that ask for trends, comparisons, calculations of percentages, averages, and ratios, as well as questions that require analysis of data to draw conclusions or make predictions. Some questions may also involve multiple steps to arrive at the correct answer.
4. Are there any specific topics in quantitative aptitude that I should focus on for the data interpretation section?
Ans. While the data interpretation section primarily tests the ability to analyze data, a solid understanding of basic quantitative aptitude topics such as percentages, ratios, averages, and basic statistics is essential. Familiarity with graphical representations and the ability to perform quick calculations can significantly enhance performance in this section.
5. How much time should I allocate to the Quant Based Data Interpretation questions during the CAT exam?
Ans. It is advisable to allocate a specific amount of time to each question set in the Quant Based Data Interpretation section, typically around 2 to 3 minutes. Since the section can include multiple questions per data set, managing time effectively is crucial to ensure that all questions are attempted without compromising accuracy. Regular practice can help develop a sense of timing.
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