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Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation PDF Download

The two plots below show data for four companies code-named A, B, C, and D over three years - 2019, 2020, and 2021.

The first plot shows the revenues and costs incurred by the companies during these years. For example, in 2021, company C earned Rs.100 crores in revenue and spent Rs.30 crores. The profit of a company is defined as its revenue minus its costs

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

The second plot shows the number of employees employed by the company (employee strength) at the start of each of these three years, as well as the number of new employees hired each year (new hires). For example, Company B had 250 employees at the start of 2021, and 30 new employees joined the company during the year.

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Q1: Considering all three years, which company had the highest annual profit?
(a) Company A
(b) Company D
(c) Company B
(d) Company C

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationView Answer  Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Ans: (d)
It is given,
Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationCompany A:
Revenue = 240 and cost incurred = 180
Profit = 240 - 180 = 60

Company B:
Revenue = 220 and cost incurred = 145
Profit = 220 - 145 = 75

Company C:
Revenue = 195 and cost incurred = 110
Profit = 195 - 110 = 85

Company D:
Revenue = 140 and cost incurred = 160
No profit.
Company C had the highest annual profit.
The answer is option D.

Q2:  Which of the four companies experienced the highest annual loss in any of the years?
(a) Company C
(b) Company A
(c) Company B
(d) Company D

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationView Answer  Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Ans: (d)

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationFor all the companies in all three years, cost incurred is less than Revenue except for D in 2020.
Revenue is 20 and cost incurred is 50
Company D experienced the highest annual loss in 2020.
The answer is option D.

Q3:  The ratio of a company's annual profit to its annual costs is a measure of its performance. Which of the four companies had the lowest value of this ratio in 2019?
(a) Company A
(b) Company D
(c) Company B
(d) Company C

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationView Answer  Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Ans: (a)
It is given,
Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationPractice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Q4: The total number of employees lost in 2019 and 2020 was the least for:
(a) Company B
(b) Company D
(c) Company A
(d) Company C

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationView Answer  Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Ans: (b)
It is given,

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation
Company A:
The number of employees in the beginning of 2019 = 150
The number of employees hired in 2019 = 2
The number of employees should be at the beginning of 2020 is 150+20, i.e. 170 but there are 140 only. This implies 30 left company A in 2019.
The number of employees in the beginning of 2020 = 140
The number of employees hired in 2020 = 35
The number of employees should be at the beginning of 2021 is 140+35, i.e. 175 but there are 150 only. This implies 25 left company A in 2020.
The number of employees left company A in 2019 and 2020 = 30 + 25 = 55

Company B:
Similarly, the number of employees left company B in 2019 = 210 + 35 - 240 = 5
The number of employees left company B in 2020 = 240 + 45 - 250 = 35
The number of employees left company B in 2019 and 2020 = 5 + 35 = 40

Company C:
Similarly, the number of employees left company C in 2019 = 320 + 45 - 320 = 45
The number of employees left company C in 2020 = 320 + 40 - 320 = 40
The number of employees left company C in 2019 and 2020 = 45 + 40 = 85

Company D:
Similarly, the number of employees left company D in 2019 = 400 + 30 - 410 = 20
The number of employees left company D in 2020 = 410 + 35 - 400 = 45
The number of employees left company D in 2019 and 2020 = 20 + 45 = 65
The total number of employees lost in 2019 and 2020 is least for company B.
The answer is option A.

Q5: Profit per employee is the ratio of a company's profit to its employee strength. For this purpose, the employee strength in a year is the average of the employee strength at the beginning of that year and the beginning of the next year. In 2020, which of the four companies had the highest profit per employee?
(a) Company D
(b) Company C
(c) Company B
(d) Company A

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT PreparationView Answer  Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Ans: (c)
It is given,

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) | 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

Company B had the highest profit per employee.
The answer is option C.

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FAQs on Practice Question - 57 (Special Charts) - 100 DILR Questions for CAT Preparation

1. What are special charts, and why are they important in competitive exams like the CAT?
Ans.Special charts are graphical representations that simplify complex data, making it easier to interpret and analyze. They are important in competitive exams like the CAT because they help candidates quickly understand trends, patterns, and relationships in data, which is essential for quantitative and data interpretation sections of the exam.
2. How can I effectively read and interpret special charts during the CAT exam?
Ans.Effectively reading and interpreting special charts involves first analyzing the title and labels to understand what data is presented. Next, focus on the scale and units of measurement. Look for trends, outliers, and significant changes in the data. Practice with various types of charts (e.g., bar charts, pie charts, line graphs) to become familiar with different representations.
3. What types of special charts are commonly encountered in the CAT exam?
Ans.Common types of special charts encountered in the CAT exam include bar charts, line graphs, pie charts, histograms, and scatter plots. Each type serves different purposes, such as comparing quantities, showing trends over time, or displaying proportions.
4. What strategies can I use to practice special charts for the CAT exam?
Ans.Strategies for practicing special charts include solving previous years' question papers, using online resources and mock tests that feature data interpretation questions, and engaging with study materials specifically focused on quantitative aptitude and data interpretation. Additionally, analyzing real-world data through graphs can enhance understanding.
5. How much weight do special charts and data interpretation carry in the overall CAT exam scoring?
Ans.Special charts and data interpretation typically carry a significant weight in the overall CAT exam scoring. These sections assess candidates' analytical and quantitative skills, which are critical for business-related decision-making. Candidates should focus on mastering this area to maximize their scores.
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