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Worksheet: Household Circuits | Physics Class 10 ICSE PDF Download

Part A — Multiple Choice Questions

Q1. The commercial unit of electrical energy used in electricity bills is:

(a) Joule

(b) Erg

(c) Kilowatt hour

(d) Watt

Q2. Which device is safer and faster in protecting a circuit from damage?

(a) Switch

(b) Fuse

(c) Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB)

(d) Socket

Q3. Which of the following systems of house wiring allows easy installation of new appliances without extra wires from the distribution board?

(a) Tree system

(b) Series system

(c) Ring system

(d) Parallel system

Q4. The resistance of a filament of a bulb rated 220 V and 100 W is:

(a) 220 Ω

(b) 484 Ω

(c) 100 Ω

(d) 2.2 Ω

Q5. Which wire is connected to the outer metallic case of an appliance for safety?

(a) Live wire

(b) Neutral wire

(c) Earth wire

(d) Fuse wire

Part B — Short Answer Questions

Q6. Define electrical power. Write its unit.

Q7. Why is the fuse always connected in the live wire of a circuit?

Q8. Write any two advantages of connecting household appliances in parallel.

Q9. State two differences between the tree system and the ring system of house wiring.

Q10. Why is earthing important in electrical circuits?

Part C — Long Answer Questions

Q11. An electric heater of power 2000 W runs for 3 hours daily. Find the total energy consumed in 10 days in kilowatt hours.

Q12.  Three appliances of power 500 W, 1000 W and 1500 W are used on a 220 V supply. Calculate the total current and the rating of the fuse needed.

Q13. Explain the working of a three-pin plug with the role of live, neutral and earth connections. Why is the earth pin made longer and thicker?

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FAQs on Worksheet: Household Circuits - Physics Class 10 ICSE

1. What are the main components of a household electrical circuit?
Ans. The main components of a household electrical circuit include the power source (such as a battery or a mains supply), conductors (wires), load devices (like bulbs, fans, or appliances), and protective devices (such as circuit breakers or fuses). These elements work together to ensure that electricity flows safely and effectively to power devices in the home.
2. How is electrical safety maintained in household circuits?
Ans. Electrical safety in household circuits is maintained through the use of circuit breakers, fuses, and grounding systems. Circuit breakers automatically shut off the electrical supply in case of overload or short circuits, preventing potential fires. Fuses serve a similar purpose by melting and breaking the circuit when excessive current flows. Grounding provides a safe path for excess electricity to be diverted away from users and sensitive equipment.
3. What is the difference between series and parallel circuits in household wiring?
Ans. In a series circuit, all components are connected end-to-end, so the same current flows through each device. If one component fails, the entire circuit is interrupted. In contrast, in a parallel circuit, components are connected across common points, allowing the current to flow through multiple paths. If one component fails in a parallel circuit, the others continue to operate. This is why most household circuits are wired in parallel.
4. Why is the use of insulators important in electrical circuits?
Ans. Insulators are materials that do not conduct electricity and are crucial in electrical circuits to prevent unintended flow of current. They cover conductors, preventing short circuits and protecting users from electric shocks. Common insulating materials include rubber, plastic, and glass, which help ensure that electricity flows along the intended path without leakage.
5. What role do voltage and current play in household circuits?
Ans. Voltage, measured in volts, is the potential difference that drives electric current through a circuit. Current, measured in amperes, is the flow of electric charge. In household circuits, the voltage supplied by the power source determines how much current can flow, and this current is what powers electrical devices. Understanding the relationship between voltage and current is essential for ensuring that circuits are designed to safely handle the required load.
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