Class 8 Exam > Class 8 Notes > Science Curiosity Class 8 - New NCERT > Worksheet Solutions-2: The Invisible Living World: Beyond Our Naked Eye
Worksheet Solutions-2: The Invisible Living World: Beyond Our Naked Eye | Science Curiosity Class 8 - New NCERT PDF Download
| Table of contents |
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| Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) |
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| Fill in the Blanks |
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| True/False Questions |
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| Very Short Answer Questions |
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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Q1: Which of the following is not a use of microorganisms?
(a) Making antibiotics
(b) Fixing nitrogen in the soil
(c) Increasing the spoilage of food
(d) Producing alcohol
Ans: (c) Increasing the spoilage of food
Q2: Which microorganism is used to make curd from milk?
(a) Yeast
(b) Lactobacillus
(c) Penicillium
(d) Rhizobium
Ans: (b) Lactobacillus
Q3: What is the role of microorganisms in the nitrogen cycle?
(a) Release nitrogen gas
(b) Fix atmospheric nitrogen
(c) Add nitrogen to air
(d) Use soil nitrogen
Ans: (b) Fix atmospheric nitrogen
Q4: How do friendly microorganisms benefit humans?
(a) They cause diseases.
(b) They help in digestion and nutrient absorption.
(c) They spoil food.
(d) They reduce soil fertility.
Ans: (b) They help in digestion and nutrient absorption.
Fill in the Blanks
Q1: Microorganisms that are beneficial to humans and aid in digestion are called _________________ microorganisms.
Ans: Friendly
Q2: The process by which yeast helps to make bread is called _________________.
Ans: Fermentation.
Q3: The foldable, low-cost paper microscope developed to study microorganisms is known as a ____________.
Ans: Foldscope
Q4: Rhizobium bacteria are known for fixing nitrogen in the soil, which helps _________________ plants.
Ans: Leguminous
True/False Questions
Q1: Microorganisms can only be harmful and have no beneficial uses.
Ans: False
Q2: All bacteria are harmful to humans and other living organisms.
Ans: False
Q3: Preservation by sugar involves reducing the moisture content which inhibits bacterial growth.
Ans: True
Very Short Answer Questions
Q1: What are preservatives?
Ans: Chemicals (Salts, edible oils etc.) used to check the growths of microorganisms are called preservatives.
Q2: Name the microorganisms which can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil.
Ans: Certain bacteria and blue green algae present in the soil fix nitrogen from the atmosphere and convert into compounds of nitrogen.
Q3: Give two examples of algae.
Ans: Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra
Q4: What are the harmful effects of microorganisms on plants?
Ans: Several microorganisms cause diseases in plants like wheat, rice, potato, sugarcane, orange, apple and others. The diseases reduce the yield of crops.
Q5: How are jams and squashes preserved?
Ans: Sodium benzoate and sodium meta bisulphite are used in jams and squashes to check their spoilage.
Q6: How can food be preserved by adding oil and vinegar?
Ans: Use of oil and vinegar prevents spoilage of food because bacteria cannot live in such an environment. Vegetables, fruits, fish and meat are often preserved by this method.
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FAQs on Worksheet Solutions-2: The Invisible Living World: Beyond Our Naked Eye - Science Curiosity Class 8 - New NCERT
| 1. What are microorganisms and why are they important in our daily lives? |  |
Ans.Microorganisms are tiny living organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye. They include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. They play crucial roles in our daily lives, such as aiding in digestion, decomposing organic matter, and being used in the production of food items like yogurt and cheese. Additionally, some microorganisms are essential for the functioning of ecosystems.
| 2. How do microorganisms contribute to the environment? | |
Ans.Microorganisms contribute to the environment by playing a key role in nutrient cycling, decomposing organic materials, and maintaining soil health. They help break down dead plants and animals, returning nutrients to the soil, which supports plant growth. Certain microorganisms also assist in the nitrogen cycle, converting atmospheric nitrogen into forms that plants can use.
| 3. Can microorganisms be harmful? If so, how? | |
Ans.Yes, some microorganisms can be harmful and cause diseases in humans, animals, and plants. Pathogenic bacteria and viruses can lead to infections and illnesses. For example, bacteria like Escherichia coli (E. coli) and viruses like influenza can cause serious health issues. It is important to practice good hygiene and food safety to minimize the risks associated with harmful microorganisms.
| 4. What are some common uses of microorganisms in industry? | |
Ans.Microorganisms are widely used in various industries, including food and beverage production, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology. In the food industry, yeast is used in baking and brewing, while bacteria are utilized in fermentation processes for yogurt and cheese. In pharmaceuticals, microorganisms are essential for producing antibiotics and vaccines, showcasing their vital role in health and medicine.
| 5. How do scientists study microorganisms? | |
Ans.Scientists study microorganisms using various techniques, including microscopy, culturing, and molecular methods. Microscopy allows them to visualize microorganisms, while culturing helps in growing them in controlled environments to study their characteristics. Molecular methods, such as DNA sequencing, enable scientists to understand their genetic makeup and functions, leading to advancements in microbiology and related fields.
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