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Class IX Science

Chapter 15 – Improvement in Food Resources 

Question 1:

How do biotic and abiotic factors affect crop production?

Answer:

A variety of biotic factors such as pests, nematodes, diseases, etc. can reduce the net crop production. A pest causes damage to agriculture by feeding on crops. For example, boll weevil is a pest on cotton. It attacks the cotton crop, thereby reducing its yield. Weeds also reduce crop productivity by competing with the main crop for nutrients, light, and space.

Similarly, abiotic factors such as salinity, temperature, etc. affect the net crop production. Some natural calamities such as droughts and floods are unpredictable. Their occurrence has a great impact on crops sometimes, destroying the entire crop.

 

Question 2:

What are the desirable agronomic characteristics for crop improvements?

Answer:

The desirable agronomic characteristics for crop improvements are:

(i) Tallness and profuse branching in any fodder crop.

(ii) Dwarfness in cereals.

These desirable agronomic characteristics help in increasing crop productivity.

Question 3:

What are macro-nutrients and why are they called macro-nutrients?

Answer:

Macro-nutrientsare nutrients required in relatively large quantities for growth and development of plants. They are six in number. Since they are required in large quantities, they are known as macro-nutrient. The six macro-nutrients required by plants are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulphur.

 

Question 4:

How do plants get nutrients?

Answer:

Plants require sixteen essential nutrients from nature for their growth and development. All these nutrients are obtained from air, water, and soil. Soil is the major source of nutrients. Thirteen of these nutrients are available from soil. The remaining three nutrients (carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen) are obtained from air and water.

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FAQs on Natural Resources, NCERT Solutions, Class 9, Science

1. What are natural resources and why are they important?
Ans. Natural resources are materials or substances that occur naturally in the environment and can be used for economic gain. They include minerals, water, forests, wildlife, and fossil fuels. Natural resources are important because they provide the raw materials for various industries and support human life by fulfilling basic needs such as food, water, and shelter.
2. How are natural resources classified?
Ans. Natural resources can be classified into two main categories: renewable resources and non-renewable resources. Renewable resources are those that can be replenished or regenerated over time, such as sunlight, wind, water, and forests. Non-renewable resources, on the other hand, are finite in quantity and cannot be replenished once they are depleted, such as fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) and minerals.
3. What are some examples of renewable natural resources?
Ans. Some examples of renewable natural resources include sunlight, wind, water, forests, and biomass. Sunlight can be harnessed as solar energy for various purposes, wind can be used to generate wind power, water can be used for hydroelectric power generation and irrigation, forests provide timber and non-timber forest products, and biomass can be used as a source of energy and for the production of biofuels.
4. What are the impacts of human activities on natural resources?
Ans. Human activities have both positive and negative impacts on natural resources. Positive impacts include sustainable use of resources, conservation efforts, and technological advancements to minimize resource depletion. However, negative impacts are more significant and include deforestation, overexploitation of fisheries, pollution of water bodies, air pollution from industrial activities, and the burning of fossil fuels leading to climate change. These activities can lead to the depletion and degradation of natural resources.
5. How can we conserve and manage natural resources?
Ans. Conservation and management of natural resources are crucial for their sustainable use. This can be achieved through various measures such as: - Implementing strict laws and regulations to prevent overexploitation and illegal activities. - Promoting sustainable practices like afforestation, reforestation, and sustainable fishing techniques. - Encouraging the use of renewable energy sources to reduce reliance on non-renewable resources. - Adopting efficient technologies and practices to minimize waste and pollution. - Creating awareness among the public about the importance of conservation and encouraging individual actions like reducing, reusing, and recycling resources.
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