Class 9 Exam > Class 9 Notes > Matter in Our Surroundings, Chapter Notes, Class 9, Science
Matter in Our Surroundings Class 9 Notes Science Chapter 1
1. Melting or Fusion : The process due to which a solid changes into liquid state at constant temperature, by absorbing heat energy, is known as melting or fusion.
2. Freezing or Solidification : The process due to which a liquid changes into solid state at constant temperature, by giving out heat energy, is known as freezing or solidification.
3. Melting point : The constant temperature at which a solid changes into liquid state by absorbing heat energy, is called melting point.
4. Freezing point : The constant temperature at which a liquid changes into solid state by giving out heat energy, is called freezing point.
5. Boiling or Vaporisation : The process due to which a liquid changes into a gaseous state at constant temperature, by absorbing heat energy, is known as boiling or vaporisation.
6. Condensation or Liquefaction : The process due to which a gas changes into a liquid state at constant temperature, by giving out, heat energy, is known as condenstion or liquefaction.
7. Boiling point : The constant temperature at which a liquid rapidly changes into its gaseous state by absorbing heat energy, is known as boiling point.
8. Liquefaction point : The constant temperature at which a gas rapidly changes into its liquid state by giving out heat energy, is known as liquefaction point.
FAQs on Matter in Our Surroundings Class 9 Notes Science Chapter 1
| 1. What is the concept of matter in our surroundings? |  |
Ans. Matter in our surroundings refers to anything that occupies space and has mass. It can exist in three states - solid, liquid, and gas. This concept helps us understand the physical properties and behavior of different substances around us.
| 2. What are the characteristics of the three states of matter? | |
Ans. The characteristics of the three states of matter are as follows:
- Solid: Particles in a solid are closely packed, have fixed positions, and vibrate around their mean positions. Solids have a definite shape and volume.
- Liquid: Particles in a liquid are loosely packed and can move around each other. They have no fixed shape but have a definite volume.
- Gas: Particles in a gas are far apart, move freely, and have high kinetic energy. Gases have neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
| 3. What is the difference between evaporation and boiling? | |
Ans. Evaporation and boiling are both processes of converting a liquid into a gas, but they differ in the following ways:
- Evaporation occurs at the surface of a liquid at any temperature, while boiling occurs throughout the liquid at a specific temperature called the boiling point.
- Evaporation is a slow process, while boiling is a rapid process.
- Evaporation can occur at any temperature, while boiling only occurs at or above the boiling point of a liquid.
| 4. How does the interconversion of states of matter occur? | |
Ans. The interconversion of states of matter occurs through the gain or loss of heat energy. When heat energy is supplied to a substance, its particles gain energy and move more vigorously, causing a change in state. For example, when a solid is heated, it melts and becomes a liquid. Similarly, when a liquid is heated, it vaporizes and becomes a gas. The reverse process occurs when heat energy is removed from a substance.
| 5. What is the importance of matter in our surroundings in our daily life? | |
Ans. Matter in our surroundings is of great importance in our daily life. Some of its significance includes:
- It helps us understand the properties and behavior of different substances around us, enabling us to use them effectively.
- It explains the processes of evaporation and condensation, which are essential in the water cycle and various industrial processes.
- It helps in understanding the behavior of gases, which is crucial in areas like weather forecasting and air pollution control.
- It provides the foundation for studying more advanced concepts in chemistry and physics, leading to technological advancements and innovations.
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