Q1: Differentiate between
(a) Respiration and Combustion
(b) Glycolysis and Krebs’ cycle
(c) Aerobic respiration and Fermentation
Ans: (a) Respiration and combustion
(b) Glycolysis and Krebs cycle
(c) Aerobic respiration and fermentation
Q2: What are respiratory substrates? Name the most common respiratory substrate.
Ans: The compounds oxidised during the process of respiration are called respiratory substrates. Carbohydrates, especially glucose, act as respiratory substrates. Fats, proteins, and organic acids also act as respiratory substrates.
Q3: Give the schematic representation of glycolysis?
Ans:
Q4: What are the main steps in aerobic respiration? Where does it take place?
Ans: The main steps in aerobic respiration are as follows:
Q5: Give the schematic representation of an overall view of Krebs cycle.
Ans:
Krebs cycle
Q6: Explain ETS.
Ans:
Q7: Distinguish between the following:
(a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
(b) Glycolysis and Fermentation
(c) Glycolysis and Citric acid Cycle
Ans: (a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
(b) Glycolysis and Fermentation
(c) Glycolysis and citric acid cycle
Q8: What are the assumptions made during the calculation of net gain of ATP?
Ans: For theoretical calculation of ATP molecules, various assumptions are made, which are as follows.
Q9: Discuss “The respiratory pathway is an amphibolic pathway.”
Ans:
Q10: Define RQ. What is its value for fats?
Ans:
Q11: What is oxidative phosphorylation?
Ans: Oxidative phosphorylation is a process in which electrons are transferred from electron donors to oxygen, which acts as electron acceptor. The oxidation-reduction reactions are involved in the formation of proton gradient.
The main role in oxidative phosphorylation is played by the enzyme ATP synthase (complex V). This enzyme complex consists of F0 and F1 components. The F1 headpiece is a peripheral membrane protein complex and contains the site for ATP synthesis from ADP and inorganic phosphate. F0 component is a part of membrane protein complex, which acts as a channel for crossing of the protons from inner mitochondrial membrane to the mitochondrial matrix. For every two protons passing through F0–F1 complex, synthesis of one ATP molecule takes place.
Q12: What is the significance of step-wise release of energy in respiration?
Ans: The process of aerobic respiration is divided into four phases – glycolysis, TCA cycle, ETS, and oxidative phosphorylation. It is generally assumed that the process of respiration and production of ATP in each phase takes place in a step-wise manner.
Food is use to energize ATP
The product of one pathway forms the substrate of the other pathway. Various molecules produced during respiration are involved in other biochemical processes. The respiratory substrates enter and withdraw from pathway on necessity. ATP gets utilized wherever required and enzymatic rates are generally controlled. Thus, the step-wise release of energy makes the system more efficient in extracting and storing energy.
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1. What is the process of respiration in plants? |
2. How do plants obtain oxygen for respiration? |
3. Why is respiration important for plants? |
4. How does respiration in plants differ from respiration in animals? |
5. What are the different types of respiration in plants? |
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